通过JavaScript使用C++保护工作表
保护工作表
介绍
Microsoft Excel中的常规保护选项包括:
- 内容
- 对象
- 方案
受保护的工作表不会隐藏或保护敏感数据,因此它与文件加密不同。通常,工作表保护适用于展示目的。它防止最终用户修改工作表中的数据、内容和格式。
保护工作表
Aspose.Cells提供一个类Workbook,代表Microsoft Excel文件。Workbook类包含一个worksheets集合,可以访问Excel文件中的每个工作表。工作表由Worksheet类表示。
Worksheet类提供用于在工作表上应用保护的protect(ProtectionType)方法。protect(ProtectionType)方法接受以下参数:
- 保护类型,应用于工作表的保护类型。保护类型是使用ProtectionType枚举来应用的。
- 新密码,用于保护工作表的新密码。
- 旧密码,如果工作表已经受到密码保护,则传入旧密码。如果工作表尚未受到保护,则传递 null。
ProtectionType枚举包含以下预定义的保护类型:
| 保护类型 | 描述 |
|---|---|
| All | 用户无法修改工作表中的任何内容 |
| Contents | 用户无法在工作表中输入数据 |
| Objects | 用户无法修改绘图对象 |
| Scenarios | 用户无法修改已保存的情景 |
| Structure | 用户无法修改结构 |
| Windows | 保护应用于窗口 |
| None | 不应用任何保护 |
下例显示如何使用密码保护工作表。
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Aspose.Cells Protect Worksheet Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Protect Worksheet Example</h1>
<input type="file" id="fileInput" accept=".xls,.xlsx,.csv" />
<button id="runExample">Run Example</button>
<a id="downloadLink" style="display: none;">Download Result</a>
<div id="result"></div>
</body>
<script src="aspose.cells.js.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
const { Workbook, SaveFormat, ProtectionType, Utils } = AsposeCells;
AsposeCells.onReady({
license: "/lic/aspose.cells.enc",
fontPath: "/fonts/",
fontList: [
"arial.ttf",
"NotoSansSC-Regular.ttf"
]
}).then(() => {
console.log("Aspose.Cells initialized");
});
document.getElementById('runExample').addEventListener('click', async () => {
const fileInput = document.getElementById('fileInput');
if (!fileInput.files.length) {
document.getElementById('result').innerHTML = '<p style="color: red;">Please select an Excel file.</p>';
return;
}
// Ensure Aspose.Cells is initialized before proceeding
await AsposeCells.onReady();
const file = fileInput.files[0];
const arrayBuffer = await file.arrayBuffer();
// Instantiating a Workbook object with file buffer
const workbook = new Workbook(new Uint8Array(arrayBuffer));
// Accessing the first worksheet in the Excel file
const worksheet = workbook.worksheets.get(0);
// Protecting the worksheet with a password
worksheet.protect(ProtectionType.All, "aspose", null);
// Saving the modified Excel file in Excel 97-2003 format
const outputData = workbook.save(SaveFormat.Excel97To2003);
const blob = new Blob([outputData]);
const downloadLink = document.getElementById('downloadLink');
downloadLink.href = URL.createObjectURL(blob);
downloadLink.download = 'output.out.xls';
downloadLink.style.display = 'block';
downloadLink.textContent = 'Download Modified Excel File';
document.getElementById('result').innerHTML = '<p style="color: green;">Worksheet protected successfully! Click the download link to get the modified file.</p>';
});
</script>
</html>
使用上述代码保护工作表后,打开工作表即可检查工作表的保护。一旦打开文件并尝试向工作表添加一些数据,您将会看到以下对话框:
| 警告对话框,提示用户无法修改工作表 |
|---|
![]() |
要在工作表上操作,请选择 保护,然后在 工具 菜单项中选择 取消保护工作表。
选择取消保护工作表菜单项后,将会打开一个对话框,提示您输入密码,以便您可以在工作表上进行操作,如下所示:
|
|
使用Microsoft Excel保护工作表的部分单元格
某些情况下你可能只需要锁定工作表中的部分单元格。如果你想锁定工作表中的特定单元格,你必须解锁工作表中的所有其他单元格。工作表中的所有单元格默认都已初始化为锁定状态;你可以通过在MS Excel中打开任何Excel文件,点击“格式|单元格…”弹出“单元格格式”对话框,再点击“保护”标签,看到被选中的“锁定”复选框(默认已勾选)来确认这一点。
以下内容描述了如何使用MS Excel锁定部分单元格。此方法适用于Microsoft Office Excel 97、2000、2002、2003及更高版本。
- 点击全选按钮(位于行号1上方和列号A左侧的灰色矩形)来选择整个工作表。
- 在“格式”菜单中点击“单元格”,切换到“保护”标签,然后取消选中“锁定”复选框。 这样就解锁了工作表上的所有单元格。 如果单元格命令不可用,工作表的部分可能已被锁定。在工具菜单上,指向保护,然后点击取消保护工作表。
- 仅选择你想锁定的单元格,重复第2步,但这次勾选“锁定”。
- 在“工具”菜单中,指向“保护”,点击“保护工作表”,然后点击“确定”。
- 在“保护工作表”对话框中,你可以设置密码,并选择用户可更改的元素。
使用Aspose.Cells保护工作表中的部分单元格
在此方法中,我们仅使用Aspose.Cells API完成任务。
示例:以下示例演示如何保护工作表中的部分单元格。它先解锁所有单元格,然后锁定3个单元格(A1、B1、C1),最后保护工作表。Style对象包含一个布尔属性isLocked(),你可以将isLocked()属性设置为true或false,并使用*Column/Row.applyStyle()*方法锁定或解锁行/列,使用你希望的属性。
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Aspose.Cells Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Unlock Columns and Protect Specific Cells Example</h1>
<input type="file" id="fileInput" accept=".xls,.xlsx,.csv" />
<button id="runExample">Run Example</button>
<a id="downloadLink" style="display: none;">Download Result</a>
<div id="result"></div>
</body>
<script src="aspose.cells.js.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
const { Workbook, SaveFormat, StyleFlag, ProtectionType } = AsposeCells;
const readyPromise = AsposeCells.onReady({
license: "/lic/aspose.cells.enc",
fontPath: "/fonts/",
fontList: [
"arial.ttf",
"NotoSansSC-Regular.ttf"
]
}).then(() => {
console.log("Aspose.Cells initialized");
});
document.getElementById('runExample').addEventListener('click', async () => {
await readyPromise;
// Create a new workbook.
const wb = new Workbook();
// Create a worksheet object and obtain the first sheet.
const sheet = wb.worksheets.get(0);
// Define the style object.
let style;
// Define the styleflag object
const styleflag = new StyleFlag();
// Loop through all the columns in the worksheet and unlock them.
for (let i = 0; i <= 255; i++) {
style = sheet.cells.columns.get(i).style;
style.isLocked = false;
styleflag.locked = true;
sheet.cells.columns.get(i).applyStyle(style, styleflag);
}
// Lock the three cells...i.e. A1, B1, C1.
style = sheet.cells.get("A1").style;
style.isLocked = true;
sheet.cells.get("A1").style = style;
style = sheet.cells.get("B1").style;
style.isLocked = true;
sheet.cells.get("B1").style = style;
style = sheet.cells.get("C1").style;
style.isLocked = true;
sheet.cells.get("C1").style = style;
// Finally, Protect the sheet now.
sheet.protect(ProtectionType.All);
// Save the excel file and provide download link
const outputData = wb.save(SaveFormat.Excel97To2003);
const blob = new Blob([outputData]);
const downloadLink = document.getElementById('downloadLink');
downloadLink.href = URL.createObjectURL(blob);
downloadLink.download = 'output.out.xls';
downloadLink.style.display = 'block';
downloadLink.textContent = 'Download Excel File';
document.getElementById('result').innerHTML = '<p style="color: green;">Operation completed successfully! Click the download link to get the modified file.</p>';
});
</script>
</html>
在工作表中保护一行
Aspose.Cells允许你轻松锁定工作表中的任一行。在这里,我们可以使用Aspose.Cells.Row类的applyStyle(Style, StyleFlag)方法,将Style应用于工作表中的特定行。此方法接受两个参数:一个Style对象和一个StyleFlag对象,后者包含所有与应用格式相关的成员。
以下示例演示如何保护工作表中的某一行。它先解锁所有单元格,然后锁定第一行,最后保护工作表。Style对象包含一个布尔属性isLocked(),你可以将isLocked()设为true或false,以锁定或解锁该行/列,使用 StyleFlag对象。
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Aspose.Cells Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Aspose.Cells Protect Worksheet Example</h1>
<input type="file" id="fileInput" accept=".xls,.xlsx,.csv" />
<button id="runExample">Run Example</button>
<a id="downloadLink" style="display: none;">Download Result</a>
<div id="result"></div>
</body>
<script src="aspose.cells.js.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
const { Workbook, SaveFormat, StyleFlag, ProtectionType, Utils } = AsposeCells;
AsposeCells.onReady({
license: "/lic/aspose.cells.enc",
fontPath: "/fonts/",
fontList: [
"arial.ttf",
"NotoSansSC-Regular.ttf"
]
}).then(() => {
console.log("Aspose.Cells initialized");
});
document.getElementById('runExample').addEventListener('click', async () => {
// Create a new workbook.
const wb = new Workbook();
// Create a worksheet object and obtain the first sheet.
const sheet = wb.worksheets.get(0);
// Define the style object.
let style;
// Define the styleflag object.
const flag = new StyleFlag();
// Loop through all the columns in the worksheet and unlock them.
for (let i = 0; i <= 255; i++) {
style = sheet.cells.columns.get(i).style;
style.isLocked = false;
flag.locked = true;
sheet.cells.columns.get(i).applyStyle(style, flag);
}
// Get the first row style.
style = sheet.cells.rows.get(0).style;
// Lock it.
style.isLocked = true;
// Set the lock setting.
flag.locked = true;
// Apply the style to the first row.
sheet.cells.applyRowStyle(0, style, flag);
// Protect the sheet.
sheet.protect(ProtectionType.All);
// Save the excel file.
const outputData = wb.save(SaveFormat.Excel97To2003);
const blob = new Blob([outputData]);
const downloadLink = document.getElementById('downloadLink');
downloadLink.href = URL.createObjectURL(blob);
downloadLink.download = 'output.out.xls';
downloadLink.style.display = 'block';
downloadLink.textContent = 'Download Excel File';
document.getElementById('result').innerHTML = '<p style="color: green;">Workbook created and protected. Click the download link to get the file.</p>';
});
</script>
</html>
在工作表中保护一列
Aspose.Cells允许你轻松锁定工作表中的某一列。这里,我们可以使用Aspose.Cells.Column类的applyStyle(Style, StyleFlag)方法,将Style应用于工作表中的特定列。此方法接受两个参数:一个Style对象和一个StyleFlag对象,后者包含所有相关格式成员。
以下示例显示如何保护工作表中的某一列。它先解锁所有单元格,然后锁定第一列,最后保护工作表。Style对象包含一个布尔属性isLocked(),你可以将isLocked()设为true或false,以锁定或解锁该列,使用StyleFlag对象。
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Aspose.Cells Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Aspose.Cells Example - Unlock Columns and Protect Sheet</h1>
<input type="file" id="fileInput" accept=".xls,.xlsx,.csv" />
<button id="runExample">Run Example</button>
<a id="downloadLink" style="display: none;">Download Result</a>
<div id="result"></div>
</body>
<script src="aspose.cells.js.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
const { Workbook, SaveFormat, StyleFlag, ProtectionType } = AsposeCells;
const readyPromise = AsposeCells.onReady({
license: "/lic/aspose.cells.enc",
fontPath: "/fonts/",
fontList: [
"arial.ttf",
"NotoSansSC-Regular.ttf"
]
}).then(() => {
console.log("Aspose.Cells initialized");
});
document.getElementById('runExample').addEventListener('click', async () => {
const fileInput = document.getElementById('fileInput');
if (!fileInput.files.length) {
// If no file provided, a new workbook will be created
document.getElementById('result').innerHTML = '<p style="color: orange;">No file selected. A new workbook will be created and processed.</p>';
} else {
document.getElementById('result').innerHTML = '<p>Processing selected file...</p>';
}
await readyPromise;
// Load workbook from file if provided, otherwise create new workbook
let workbook;
if (fileInput.files.length) {
const file = fileInput.files[0];
const arrayBuffer = await file.arrayBuffer();
workbook = new Workbook(new Uint8Array(arrayBuffer));
} else {
workbook = new Workbook();
}
// Create a worksheet object and obtain the first sheet.
const sheet = workbook.worksheets.get(0);
// Define the style object.
let style;
// Define the styleflag object.
const flag = new StyleFlag();
// Loop through all the columns in the worksheet and unlock them.
for (let i = 0; i <= 255; i++) {
style = sheet.cells.columns.get(i).style;
style.isLocked = false;
flag.locked = true;
sheet.cells.columns.get(i).applyStyle(style, flag);
}
// Get the first column style.
style = sheet.cells.columns.get(0).style;
// Lock it.
style.isLocked = true;
// Apply the style to the first column.
sheet.cells.columns.get(0).applyStyle(style, flag);
// Protect the sheet.
sheet.protect(ProtectionType.All);
// Save the excel file.
const outputData = workbook.save(SaveFormat.Excel97To2003);
const blob = new Blob([outputData]);
const downloadLink = document.getElementById('downloadLink');
downloadLink.href = URL.createObjectURL(blob);
downloadLink.download = 'output.out.xls';
downloadLink.style.display = 'block';
downloadLink.textContent = 'Download Modified Excel File';
document.getElementById('result').innerHTML = '<p style="color: green;">Operation completed successfully! Click the download link to get the modified file.</p>';
});
</script>
</html>
允许用户编辑范围
下面的示例展示了如何允许用户在受保护的工作表中编辑范围。
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Aspose.Cells Example - Protect Range</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Protect Range Example</h1>
<input type="file" id="fileInput" accept=".xls,.xlsx,.csv" />
<button id="runExample">Run Example</button>
<a id="downloadLink" style="display: none;">Download Result</a>
<div id="result"></div>
</body>
<script src="aspose.cells.js.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
const { Workbook, SaveFormat, ProtectionType, Utils } = AsposeCells;
AsposeCells.onReady({
license: "/lic/aspose.cells.enc",
fontPath: "/fonts/",
fontList: [
"arial.ttf",
"NotoSansSC-Regular.ttf"
]
}).then(() => {
console.log("Aspose.Cells initialized");
});
document.getElementById('runExample').addEventListener('click', async () => {
const fileInput = document.getElementById('fileInput');
// Instantiate a new or loaded Workbook
let book;
if (fileInput.files && fileInput.files.length) {
const file = fileInput.files[0];
const arrayBuffer = await file.arrayBuffer();
book = new Workbook(new Uint8Array(arrayBuffer));
} else {
book = new Workbook();
}
// Get the first (default) worksheet
const sheet = book.worksheets.get(0);
// Get the Allow Edit Ranges
const allowRanges = sheet.allowEditRanges;
// Define ProtectedRange
let protected_range;
// Create the range
const idx = allowRanges.add("r2", 1, 1, 3, 3);
protected_range = allowRanges.get(idx);
// Specify the password
protected_range.password = "123";
// Protect the sheet
sheet.protect(ProtectionType.All);
// Save the Excel file
const outputData = book.save(SaveFormat.Excel97To2003);
const blob = new Blob([outputData]);
const downloadLink = document.getElementById('downloadLink');
downloadLink.href = URL.createObjectURL(blob);
downloadLink.download = 'protectedrange.out.xls';
downloadLink.style.display = 'block';
downloadLink.textContent = 'Download Protected Range Excel File';
document.getElementById('result').innerHTML = '<p style="color: green;">Protected range added and sheet protected successfully! Click the download link to get the modified file.</p>';
});
</script>
</html>
