Menggunakan OAuth untuk mengakses Layanan Mail

dukungan OAuth 2.0 telah ditambahkan ke Aspose.Email dan dapat digunakan untuk mengakses server SMTP, POP3, IMAP, dan EWS. Secara umum, semua server yang mendukung token bearer OAuth 2.0 dapat digunakan dengan Aspose.Email, namun klien email kami telah diuji dengan server mail Google dan server Microsoft Office 365. Akses ke server dari SmtpClient, Pop3Client, ImapClient dan EWSClient dengan OAuth dapat diimplementasikan dalam 2 cara.

1. Berikan token akses langsung ke dalam konstruktor klien email. Dalam kasus ini, pengguna harus memahami bahwa masa berlaku token akses terbatas. Ketika token kedaluwarsa, klien email tidak dapat digunakan untuk mengakses server.
2. Berikan implementasi khusus penyedia token berdasarkan ITokenProvider antarmuka ke dalam konstruktor klien email. Dalam kasus ini, klien memeriksa waktu kedaluwarsa token dan meminta ITokenProvider untuk token akses baru ketika token sebelumnya kedaluwarsa. Dengan cara ini, klien memperbarui token secara berkala dan dapat berfungsi dengan server tanpa batas waktu. Seringkali layanan mendukung cara sederhana untuk memperbarui token akses. Misalnya, menggunakan token penyegaran dalam layanan Google atau alur otentikasi ROPC pada platform identitas Microsoft dapat digunakan untuk implementasi penyedia token.

Konfigurasikan Akun pada Server yang Tepat

Artikel berikut membantu Anda mengkonfigurasi akun untuk mengakses layanan mail.

• Untuk Office 365
• Untuk Gmail

Akses Layanan Mail dengan Token Akses

Contoh kode berikut menunjukkan cara terhubung ke layanan mail menggunakan token akses.

// Connecting to SMTP server
try (SmtpClient client = new SmtpClient(
        "smtp.gmail.com",
        587,
        "[e-mail]",
        "accessToken",
        true,
        SecurityOptions.SSLExplicit)) {

}

// Connecting to IMAP server
try (ImapClient client = new ImapClient(
        "imap.gmail.com",
        993,
        "[e-mail]",
        "accessToken",
        true,
        SecurityOptions.SSLImplicit)) {

}

// Connecting to POP3 server
try (Pop3Client client = new Pop3Client(
        "pop.gmail.com",
        995,
        "[e-mail]",
        "accessToken",
        true,
        SecurityOptions.Auto)) {

}

Akses Layanan Mail dengan Penyedia Token

Contoh kode berikut menunjukkan cara terhubung ke layanan mail menggunakan penyedia token.

ITokenProvider tokenProvider = TokenProvider.Google.getInstance(
        "ClientId",
        "ClientSecret",
        "RefreshToken");

// Connecting to SMTP server
try (SmtpClient client = new SmtpClient(
        "smtp.gmail.com",
        587,
        "[e-mail]",
        tokenProvider,
        SecurityOptions.SSLExplicit)) {

}

// Connecting to IMAP server
try (ImapClient client = new ImapClient(
        "imap.gmail.com",
        993,
        "[e-mail]",
        tokenProvider,
        SecurityOptions.SSLImplicit)) {

}

// Connecting to POP3 server
try (Pop3Client client = new Pop3Client(
        "pop.gmail.com",
        995,
        "[e-mail]",
        tokenProvider,
        SecurityOptions.Auto)) {

}

Implementasi Custom ITokenProvider untuk Office 365

Anda dapat menggunakan implementasi penyedia token di bawah ini untuk mengakses layanan mail Office 365.

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * <p>
 * Azure resource owner password credential (ROPC) token provider
 * https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/active-directory/develop/v2-oauth-ropc
 * https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/exchange/client-developer/exchange-web-services/how-to-authenticate-an-ews-application-by-using-oauth
 * https://portal.azure.com
 * https://developer.microsoft.com/en-us/graph/graph-explorer/#
 * token parser https://jwt.io
 * </p>
 */
class AzureROPCTokenProvider implements ITokenProvider {

    private static final String GRANT_TYPE = "password";

    private final String clientId;
    private final String clientSecret;
    private final String userName;
    private final String password;
    private final String tenant;
    private final String scope;

    private OAuthToken token;

    public AzureROPCTokenProvider(String tenant, String clientId, String clientSecret,
                                  String userName, String password, String[] scopeAr) {
        this.tenant = tenant;
        this.clientId = clientId;
        this.clientSecret = clientSecret;
        this.userName = userName;
        this.password = password;
        this.scope = joinToStr(scopeAr, " ");
    }

    public synchronized OAuthToken getAccessToken(boolean ignoreExistingToken) {
        if (this.token != null && !this.token.getExpired() && !ignoreExistingToken)
            return this.token;
        token = null;

        Map<String, String> tokenArgs = geToken();

        java.util.Calendar c = java.util.Calendar.getInstance();
        c.add(java.util.Calendar.SECOND, Integer.parseInt(tokenArgs.get("expires_in")));
        token = new OAuthToken(tokenArgs.get("access_token"), TokenType.AccessToken, c.getTime());
        return token;
    }

    public final OAuthToken getAccessToken() {
        return getAccessToken(false);
    }

    public void dispose() {
    }

    private String getEncodedParameters() {
        return "client_id=" + urlEncode(clientId) + "&scope=" + urlEncode(scope) + "&username=" + urlEncode(userName)
                + "&password=" + urlEncode(password) + "&grant_type="
                + urlEncode(GRANT_TYPE);
    }

    private String getUri() {
        if (tenant == null || tenant.trim().isEmpty())
            return "https://login.microsoftonline.com/common/oauth2/v2.0/token";
        else
            return "https://login.microsoftonline.com/" + tenant + "/oauth2/v2.0/token";
    }

    private Map<String, String> geToken() {
        try {
            HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) new URL(getUri()).openConnection();
            connection.setRequestMethod("POST");

            byte[] requestData = getEncodedParameters().getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);

            connection.setUseCaches(false);
            connection.setDoInput(true);
            connection.setDoOutput(true);
            connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
            connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", "" + requestData.length);

            final OutputStream st = connection.getOutputStream();
            try {
                st.write(requestData, 0, requestData.length);
            } finally {
                st.flush();
                st.close();
            }

            connection.connect();

            if (connection.getResponseCode() >= HttpURLConnection.HTTP_BAD_REQUEST) {
                throw new IllegalAccessError("Operation failed: " + connection.getResponseCode() + "/" +
                        connection.getResponseMessage() + "\r\nDetails:\r\n{2}"
                        + readInputStream(connection.getErrorStream()));
            }

            String responseText = readInputStream(connection.getInputStream());

            Map<String, String> result = new HashMap<>();
            String[] fromJsonToKeyValue = responseText.replace("{", "").replace("}", "")
                    .replace("\"", "").replace("\r", "")
                    .replace("\n", "").split(",");
            for (String keyValue : fromJsonToKeyValue) {
                String[] pair = keyValue.split(":");
                String name = pair[0].trim().toLowerCase();
                String value = urlDecode(pair[1].trim());
                result.put(name, value);
            }

            return result;
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new IllegalAccessError(e.getMessage());
        }
    }

    static String urlEncode(String value) {
        try {
            return URLEncoder.encode(value, StandardCharsets.UTF_8.toString());
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            throw new IllegalAccessError(e.getMessage());
        }
    }

    static String urlDecode(String value) {
        try {
            return URLDecoder.decode(value, StandardCharsets.UTF_8.toString());
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            throw new IllegalAccessError(e.getMessage());
        }
    }

    static String readInputStream(InputStream is) {
        if (is == null)
            return "";

        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
        StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
        String line;
        try {
            while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                result.append(line);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // ignore
        }
        return result.toString();
    }

    static String joinToStr(String[] arr, String sep) {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
            if (i > 0)
                sb.append(sep);
            sb.append(arr[i]);
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }
}

Contoh kode berikut menunjukkan cara terhubung ke layanan Office 365 menggunakan penyedia token khusus.

ITokenProvider tokenProvider = new AzureROPCTokenProvider(
        "Tenant",
        "ClientId",
        "ClientSecret",
        "EMail",
        "Password",
        scopes);

// Connecting to SMTP server
try (SmtpClient client = new SmtpClient(
        "smtp.office365.com",
        587,
        "[e-mail]",
        tokenProvider,
        SecurityOptions.SSLExplicit)) {

}

// Connecting to IMAP server
try (ImapClient client = new ImapClient(
        "outlook.office365.com",
        993,
        "[e-mail]",
        tokenProvider,
        SecurityOptions.SSLImplicit)) {

}

// Connecting to POP3 server
try (Pop3Client client = new Pop3Client(
        "outlook.office365.com",
        995,
        "[e-mail]",
        tokenProvider,
        SecurityOptions.Auto)) {

}

// Connecting to EWS server
final String mailboxUri = "https://outlook.office365.com/ews/exchange.asmx";
ICredentials credentials = new OAuthNetworkCredential(tokenProvider);
try (IEWSClient ewsClient = EWSClient.getEWSClient(mailboxUri, credentials)) {

}

Izin untuk mengakses Office 365 melalui IMAP, POP3 atau SMTP

Kita perlu menerapkan izin API yang tepat dan memberikan persetujuan admin untuk mengakses layanan mail Office 365:

Pada wizard Izin API / Tambah Izin, pilih Microsoft Graph dan kemudian Izin Delegasi untuk menemukan ruang lingkup izin berikut yang tercantum:

offline_access
IMAP.AccessAsUser.All
POP.AccessAsUser.All
SMTP.Send

Contoh Penyedia Token:

ITokenProvider tokenProvider = new AzureROPCTokenProvider(OAuth.Tenant, OAuth.ClientId, OAuth.ClientSecret, User.EMail, User.Password,
        new String[] {
                "offline_access",
                "https://outlook.office.com/IMAP.AccessAsUser.All", // IMAP scope
                "https://outlook.office.com/POP.AccessAsUser.All",  // POP3 scope
                "https://outlook.office.com/SMTP.Send"              // SMTP scope
        });