使用 OAuth 访问邮件服务

已在 Aspose.Email 中添加对 OAuth 2.0 的支持，可用于访问 SMTP、POP3、IMAP 和 EWS 服务器。一般而言，所有支持 OAuth 2.0 持有者令牌的服务器都可以与 Aspose.Email 一起使用，但我们的电子邮件客户端已在 Google 邮件服务器和 Microsoft Office 365 服务器上进行测试。从服务器的访问 SmtpClient, Pop3Client, ImapClient 和 EWSClient 使用 OAuth 可以通过两种方式实现。

直接在电子邮件客户端的构造函数中提供访问令牌。在这种情况下，用户必须了解访问令牌的生命周期是有限的。当令牌过期时，电子邮件客户端将无法访问服务器。
提供基于…的自定义令牌提供程序实现 ITokenProvider 在电子邮件客户端的构造函数中注入接口。在这种情况下，客户端检查令牌过期时间并请求 ITokenProvider 在先前的访问令牌过期时获取新的访问令牌。这样，客户端会定期刷新令牌，并可以无限期地与服务器配合工作。许多服务支持一种简单的刷新访问令牌的方法。例如，在 Google 服务中使用刷新令牌，或在 Microsoft 身份平台中使用 ROPC 身份验证流程，可用于实现令牌提供程序。

在适当的服务器上配置账户

以下文章帮助您配置账户以访问邮件服务。

针对 Office 365
针对 Gmail

使用访问令牌访问邮件服务

以下代码示例展示了如何使用访问令牌连接到邮件服务。

// Connecting to SMTP server
try (SmtpClient client = new SmtpClient(
        "smtp.gmail.com",
        587,
        "user1@gmail.com",
        "accessToken",
        true,
        SecurityOptions.SSLExplicit)) {

}

// Connecting to IMAP server
try (ImapClient client = new ImapClient(
        "imap.gmail.com",
        993,
        "user1@gmail.com",
        "accessToken",
        true,
        SecurityOptions.SSLImplicit)) {

}

// Connecting to POP3 server
try (Pop3Client client = new Pop3Client(
        "pop.gmail.com",
        995,
        "user1@gmail.com",
        "accessToken",
        true,
        SecurityOptions.Auto)) {

}

使用令牌提供程序访问邮件服务

以下代码示例展示了如何使用令牌提供程序连接到邮件服务。

ITokenProvider tokenProvider = TokenProvider.Google.getInstance(
        "ClientId",
        "ClientSecret",
        "RefreshToken");

// Connecting to SMTP server
try (SmtpClient client = new SmtpClient(
        "smtp.gmail.com",
        587,
        "user1@gmail.com",
        tokenProvider,
        SecurityOptions.SSLExplicit)) {

}

// Connecting to IMAP server
try (ImapClient client = new ImapClient(
        "imap.gmail.com",
        993,
        "user1@gmail.com",
        tokenProvider,
        SecurityOptions.SSLImplicit)) {

}

// Connecting to POP3 server
try (Pop3Client client = new Pop3Client(
        "pop.gmail.com",
        995,
        "user1@gmail.com",
        tokenProvider,
        SecurityOptions.Auto)) {

}

Office 365 自定义 ITokenProvider 实现

您可以使用下面的令牌提供程序实现来访问 Office 365 邮件服务。

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * <p>
 * Azure resource owner password credential (ROPC) token provider
 * https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/active-directory/develop/v2-oauth-ropc
 * https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/exchange/client-developer/exchange-web-services/how-to-authenticate-an-ews-application-by-using-oauth
 * https://portal.azure.com
 * https://developer.microsoft.com/en-us/graph/graph-explorer/#
 * token parser https://jwt.io
 * </p>
 */
class AzureROPCTokenProvider implements ITokenProvider {

    private static final String GRANT_TYPE = "password";

    private final String clientId;
    private final String clientSecret;
    private final String userName;
    private final String password;
    private final String tenant;
    private final String scope;

    private OAuthToken token;

    public AzureROPCTokenProvider(String tenant, String clientId, String clientSecret,
                                  String userName, String password, String[] scopeAr) {
        this.tenant = tenant;
        this.clientId = clientId;
        this.clientSecret = clientSecret;
        this.userName = userName;
        this.password = password;
        this.scope = joinToStr(scopeAr, " ");
    }

    public synchronized OAuthToken getAccessToken(boolean ignoreExistingToken) {
        if (this.token != null && !this.token.getExpired() && !ignoreExistingToken)
            return this.token;
        token = null;

        Map<String, String> tokenArgs = geToken();

        java.util.Calendar c = java.util.Calendar.getInstance();
        c.add(java.util.Calendar.SECOND, Integer.parseInt(tokenArgs.get("expires_in")));
        token = new OAuthToken(tokenArgs.get("access_token"), TokenType.AccessToken, c.getTime());
        return token;
    }

    public final OAuthToken getAccessToken() {
        return getAccessToken(false);
    }

    public void dispose() {
    }

    private String getEncodedParameters() {
        return "client_id=" + urlEncode(clientId) + "&scope=" + urlEncode(scope) + "&username=" + urlEncode(userName)
                + "&password=" + urlEncode(password) + "&grant_type="
                + urlEncode(GRANT_TYPE);
    }

    private String getUri() {
        if (tenant == null || tenant.trim().isEmpty())
            return "https://login.microsoftonline.com/common/oauth2/v2.0/token";
        else
            return "https://login.microsoftonline.com/" + tenant + "/oauth2/v2.0/token";
    }

    private Map<String, String> geToken() {
        try {
            HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) new URL(getUri()).openConnection();
            connection.setRequestMethod("POST");

            byte[] requestData = getEncodedParameters().getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);

            connection.setUseCaches(false);
            connection.setDoInput(true);
            connection.setDoOutput(true);
            connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
            connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", "" + requestData.length);

            final OutputStream st = connection.getOutputStream();
            try {
                st.write(requestData, 0, requestData.length);
            } finally {
                st.flush();
                st.close();
            }

            connection.connect();

            if (connection.getResponseCode() >= HttpURLConnection.HTTP_BAD_REQUEST) {
                throw new IllegalAccessError("Operation failed: " + connection.getResponseCode() + "/" +
                        connection.getResponseMessage() + "\r\nDetails:\r\n{2}"
                        + readInputStream(connection.getErrorStream()));
            }

            String responseText = readInputStream(connection.getInputStream());

            Map<String, String> result = new HashMap<>();
            String[] fromJsonToKeyValue = responseText.replace("{", "").replace("}", "")
                    .replace("\"", "").replace("\r", "")
                    .replace("\n", "").split(",");
            for (String keyValue : fromJsonToKeyValue) {
                String[] pair = keyValue.split(":");
                String name = pair[0].trim().toLowerCase();
                String value = urlDecode(pair[1].trim());
                result.put(name, value);
            }

            return result;
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new IllegalAccessError(e.getMessage());
        }
    }

    static String urlEncode(String value) {
        try {
            return URLEncoder.encode(value, StandardCharsets.UTF_8.toString());
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            throw new IllegalAccessError(e.getMessage());
        }
    }

    static String urlDecode(String value) {
        try {
            return URLDecoder.decode(value, StandardCharsets.UTF_8.toString());
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
            throw new IllegalAccessError(e.getMessage());
        }
    }

    static String readInputStream(InputStream is) {
        if (is == null)
            return "";

        BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
        StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
        String line;
        try {
            while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                result.append(line);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // ignore
        }
        return result.toString();
    }

    static String joinToStr(String[] arr, String sep) {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
            if (i > 0)
                sb.append(sep);
            sb.append(arr[i]);
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }
}

下面的代码示例展示了如何使用自定义令牌提供程序连接到 Office 365 服务。

ITokenProvider tokenProvider = new AzureROPCTokenProvider(
        "Tenant",
        "ClientId",
        "ClientSecret",
        "EMail",
        "Password",
        scopes);

// Connecting to SMTP server
try (SmtpClient client = new SmtpClient(
        "smtp.office365.com",
        587,
        "Test1@test.onmicrosoft.com",
        tokenProvider,
        SecurityOptions.SSLExplicit)) {

}

// Connecting to IMAP server
try (ImapClient client = new ImapClient(
        "outlook.office365.com",
        993,
        "Test1@test.onmicrosoft.com",
        tokenProvider,
        SecurityOptions.SSLImplicit)) {

}

// Connecting to POP3 server
try (Pop3Client client = new Pop3Client(
        "outlook.office365.com",
        995,
        "Test1@test.onmicrosoft.com",
        tokenProvider,
        SecurityOptions.Auto)) {

}

// Connecting to EWS server
final String mailboxUri = "https://outlook.office365.com/ews/exchange.asmx";
ICredentials credentials = new OAuthNetworkCredential(tokenProvider);
try (IEWSClient ewsClient = EWSClient.getEWSClient(mailboxUri, credentials)) {

}

通过 IMAP、POP3 或 SMTP 访问 Office 365 的权限

我们需要应用正确的 API 权限并授予管理员同意，以访问 Office 365 邮件服务：

todo:image_alt_text

在 API 权限 / 添加权限向导中，选择 Microsoft Graph 然后选择委派权限，可找到以下列出的权限范围：

offline_access
IMAP.AccessAsUser.All
POP.AccessAsUser.All
SMTP.Send

令牌提供程序示例：

ITokenProvider tokenProvider = new AzureROPCTokenProvider(OAuth.Tenant, OAuth.ClientId, OAuth.ClientSecret, User.EMail, User.Password,
        new String[] {
                "offline_access",
                "https://outlook.office.com/IMAP.AccessAsUser.All", // IMAP scope
                "https://outlook.office.com/POP.AccessAsUser.All",  // POP3 scope
                "https://outlook.office.com/SMTP.Send"              // SMTP scope
        });

使用 OAuth 访问邮件服务嵌入对象数据的提取