在 C# 中过滤和索引 GIS 矢量图层

使用 Aspose.GIS for .NET 可以通过属性值或空间边界过滤图层。您还可以使用索引来加速过滤和空间查询。

属性索引

无索引的过滤

以下是如何按属性的值过滤图层：

// For complete examples and data files, please go to https://github.com/aspose-gis/Aspose.GIS-for-.NET
using (var layer = VectorLayer.Open(citiesPath, Drivers.GeoJson))
{
    // Select features based on values of the attribute. This code enumerates all features in the layer
    // and selects all features that match a condition.
    var features = layer.WhereGreaterOrEqual("population", 2000).WhereSmaller("population", 5000);

    // Print results.
    Console.WriteLine("Cities where population >= 2000 and population < 5000:");
    foreach (var feature in features)
    {
        var name = feature.GetValue<string>("name");
        var population = feature.GetValue<int>("population");
        Console.WriteLine(name + ", " + population);
    }
    Console.WriteLine();
}

有索引的过滤

如果图层只被过滤一次，那么上面的代码是可以的。但是，如果图层可能被多次查询，我们可以从属性索引中受益。构建属性索引需要一些时间，但可以多次重用它来加速过滤。

以下示例使用属性索引文件来加速按属性值过滤图层：

// For complete examples and data files, please go to https://github.com/aspose-gis/Aspose.GIS-for-.NET
using (var layer = VectorLayer.Open(citiesPath, Drivers.GeoJson))
{
    // Use attribute index to speed up search by 'population' attribute.
    // Aspose.GIS builds a new index if it doesn't exist, otherwise existing index is reused.
    // Any path can be used.
    var attributeIndexPath = Path.ChangeExtension(citiesPath, "population_out.ix");
    layer.UseAttributesIndex(attributeIndexPath, "population");

    // Select features based on values of the attribute. Since we use attribute index it is not necessary to
    // test all features of the layer and filtering time is reduced significantly.
    var towns = layer.WhereGreaterOrEqual("population", 2000).WhereSmaller("population", 5000);

    // Print results.
    Console.WriteLine("Cities where population >= 2000 and population < 5000:");
    foreach (var town in towns)
    {
        var name = town.GetValue<string>("name");
        var population = town.GetValue<int>("population");
        Console.WriteLine(name + ", " + population);
    }
    Console.WriteLine();
}

保存过滤后的要素

过滤后的要素可以保存到图层中：

// For complete examples and data files, please go to https://github.com/aspose-gis/Aspose.GIS-for-.NET
using (var layer = VectorLayer.Open(citiesPath, Drivers.GeoJson))
{
    // Use attribute index to speed up search by 'population' attribute.
    var attributeIndexPath = Path.ChangeExtension(citiesPath, "population_out.ix");
    layer.UseAttributesIndex(attributeIndexPath, "population");

    // Save all features with population between 2000 and 5000 to the output file.
    layer.WhereGreaterOrEqual("population", 2000)
        .WhereSmaller("population", 5000)
        .SaveTo(DataDir + "towns_out.shp", Drivers.Shapefile);
}

渲染过滤后的要素

也可以渲染过滤后的要素。以下示例使用属性索引快速选择所有人口大于 2000 的要素并将它们添加到地图中：

// For complete examples and data files, please go to https://github.com/aspose-gis/Aspose.GIS-for-.NET
using (var map = new Map(600, 400))
using (var cities = VectorLayer.Open(citiesPath, Drivers.GeoJson))
{
    map.Padding = 20;

    // Use attribute index to speed up search by 'population' attribute.
    var attributeIndexPath = Path.ChangeExtension(citiesPath, "population_out.ix");
    cities.UseAttributesIndex(attributeIndexPath, "population");

    // Render all cities with population greater than 2000.
    map.Add(cities.WhereGreater("population", 2000), new SimpleMarker { FillColor = Color.Red });
    map.Render(outputPath, Renderers.Svg);
}

空间索引

空间索引用于加速空间查询。就像属性索引一样，空间索引在创建后会被重用。

查找距离点最近的要素

以下是如何使用空间索引来加速查找距离某个点最近的要素：

// For complete examples and data files, please go to https://github.com/aspose-gis/Aspose.GIS-for-.NET
using (var layer = VectorLayer.Open(path, Drivers.GeoJson))
{
    // Use spatial index to speed up spatial queries.
    // Aspose.GIS builds a new index if it doesn't exist, otherwise existing index is reused.
    // Any path can be used.
    var spatialIndexPath = Path.ChangeExtension(path, ".spatial_out.ix");
    layer.UseSpatialIndex(spatialIndexPath);

    var point = new Point(12.30, 50.33);

    // Since we use spatial index, nearest-to finds the closest feature much faster.
    var nearest = layer.NearestTo(point);
    Console.WriteLine("City nearest to (12.30 50.33) is " + nearest.GetValue<string>("name"));
    Console.WriteLine();
}

选择与几何体相交的要素

以下示例使用空间索引来加速选择与几何体相交的要素：

// For complete examples and data files, please go to https://github.com/aspose-gis/Aspose.GIS-for-.NET
using (var layer = VectorLayer.Open(path, Drivers.GeoJson))
{
    // Use spatial index to speed up 'WhereIntersects'.
    var spatialIndexPath = Path.ChangeExtension(path, ".spatial_out.ix");
    layer.UseSpatialIndex(spatialIndexPath);

    var polygon = Geometry.FromText("Polygon((12.30 50.33, 22.49 54.87, 21.92 42.53, 12.30 50.33))");
    var intersecting = layer.WhereIntersects(polygon);

    Console.WriteLine("Cities within " + polygon.AsText() + ":");
    foreach (var feature in intersecting)
    {
        var name = feature.GetValue<string>("name");
        var location = (IPoint) feature.Geometry;
        Console.WriteLine($"{name} at ({location.X}, {location.Y})");
    }
    Console.WriteLine();
}