# 在 PHP 中為 PowerPoint 簡報新增數學方程式

> 使用 Aspose.Slides for PHP via Java 在 PowerPoint PPT 與 PPTX 中插入和編輯數學方程式，支援 OMML、格式控制，並提供清晰的 PHP 程式碼範例。

Source: https://docs.aspose.com/slides/zh-hant/php-java/powerpoint-math-equations/


## **概觀**

PowerPoint 以 Office Math Markup Language (OMML) 儲存方程式。使用 Aspose.Slides for PHP via Java，您可以以程式方式建立相同類型的數學內容：分數、根號、函數、極限、N 進制運算子、矩陣、陣列以及格式化的數學區塊。

在 PowerPoint 中，使用者通常從 **插入 > 方程式** 新增方程式：

![PowerPoint 插入索引標籤，已選取方程式指令](powerpoint-math-equations_1.png)

結果會在投影片上產生可編輯的數學文字：

![包含可編輯數學方程式的 PowerPoint 投影片](powerpoint-math-equations_2.png)

Aspose.Slides 透過以下三個主要物件建構該數學文字：

- 以 [addMathShape](https://reference.aspose.com/slides/zh-hant/php-java/aspose.slides/shapecollection/#addMathShape) 建立的數學圖形，正是包含方程式的圖形。
- [MathPortion](https://reference.aspose.com/slides/zh-hant/php-java/aspose.slides/mathportion/) 將數學內容儲存在圖形的文字框內。
- [MathParagraph](https://reference.aspose.com/slides/zh-hant/php-java/aspose.slides/mathparagraph/) 包含一個或多個 [MathBlock](https://reference.aspose.com/slides/zh-hant/php-java/aspose.slides/mathblock/) 物件。

以下大多範例使用 [MathematicalText](https://reference.aspose.com/slides/zh-hant/php-java/aspose.slides/mathematicaltext/) 以及來自 [MathElementBase](https://reference.aspose.com/slides/zh-hant/php-java/aspose.slides/mathelementbase/) 的串接方法，以保持程式碼簡潔且易讀。

若需 MathML 匯出情境，請參閱 [Export Math Equations from Presentations in PHP via Java](/slides/zh-hant/php-java/exporting-math-equations/)。

## **建立方程式**

此範例建立一個數學圖形並加入畢氏定理：

![方程式 c² = a² + b² 的圖示](powerpoint-math-equations_3.png)

```php
$presentation = new Presentation();
try {
    $slide = $presentation->getSlides()->get_Item(0);

    $mathShape = $slide->getShapes()->addMathShape(20, 20, 700, 120);
    $mathParagraph = $mathShape->getTextFrame()->getParagraphs()
        - >get_Item(0)->getPortions()->get_Item(0)->getMathParagraph();

    $equation = (new MathematicalText("c"))
        - >setSuperscript("2")
        - >join("=")
        - >join((new MathematicalText("a"))->setSuperscript("2"))
        - >join("+")
        - >join((new MathematicalText("b"))->setSuperscript("2"));

    $mathParagraph->add($equation);

    $presentation->save("pythagorean-theorem.pptx", SaveFormat::Pptx);
} finally {
    if (!java_is_null($presentation)) {
        $presentation->dispose();
    }
}
```

{{% alert color="primary" %}}
`addMathShape` 會建立已包含數學段落的圖形。存取第一個 `MathPortion`、取得其 `MathParagraph`，然後向其中加入數學區塊或數學元素。
{{% /alert %}}

## **加入分數**

使用 [`divide`](https://reference.aspose.com/slides/zh-hant/php-java/aspose.slides/mathelementbase/) 建立分數。您可使用 [MathFractionTypes](https://reference.aspose.com/slides/zh-hant/php-java/aspose.slides/mathfractiontypes/) 選擇分數樣式。

![顯示 1 除以 x 的傾斜分數圖示](powerpoint-math-equations_4.png)

```php
$presentation = new Presentation();
try {
    $slide = $presentation->getSlides()->get_Item(0);

    $mathShape = $slide->getShapes()->addMathShape(20, 20, 700, 100);
    $mathParagraph = $mathShape->getTextFrame()->getParagraphs()
        - >get_Item(0)->getPortions()->get_Item(0)->getMathParagraph();

    $fraction = (new MathematicalText("1"))
        - >divide("x", MathFractionTypes::Skewed);

    $mathParagraph->add(new MathBlock($fraction));

    $presentation->save("fraction.pptx", SaveFormat::Pptx);
} finally {
    if (!java_is_null($presentation)) {
        $presentation->dispose();
    }
}
```

若要堆疊式分數，使用 `MathFractionTypes::Bar`：

```php
$stackedFraction = (new MathematicalText("x + 1"))->divide("y - 1", MathFractionTypes::Bar);
```

## **加入根號**

使用 [`radical`](https://reference.aspose.com/slides/zh-hant/php-java/aspose.slides/mathelementbase/) 建立平方根、立方根或其他根號。當前元素成為根式的底，參數則為指數。

![帶有 x 的 n 次根號表達式圖示](powerpoint-math-equations_5.png)

```php
$presentation = new Presentation();
try {
    $slide = $presentation->getSlides()->get_Item(0);

    $mathShape = $slide->getShapes()->addMathShape(20, 20, 700, 100);
    $mathParagraph = $mathShape->getTextFrame()->getParagraphs()
        - >get_Item(0)->getPortions()->get_Item(0)->getMathParagraph();

    $radical = (new MathematicalText("x"))
        - >radical("n");

    $mathParagraph->add(new MathBlock($radical));

    $presentation->save("radical.pptx", SaveFormat::Pptx);
} finally {
    if (!java_is_null($presentation)) {
        $presentation->dispose();
    }
}
```

## **加入函數與極限**

使用 [`asArgumentOfFunction`](https://reference.aspose.com/slides/zh-hant/php-java/aspose.slides/mathelementbase/) 或 [`function`](https://reference.aspose.com/slides/zh-hant/php-java/aspose.slides/mathelementbase/) 來處理 `sin(x)`、`log(x)` 或自訂函數名稱。若要表示極限，將 `lim` 放入 [MathLimit](https://reference.aspose.com/slides/zh-hant/php-java/aspose.slides/mathlimit/) 中，或使用 [`setLowerLimit`](https://reference.aspose.com/slides/zh-hant/php-java/aspose.slides/mathelementbase/)。

![當 x 趨向無限大時的極限圖示](powerpoint-math-equations_8.png)

```php
$presentation = new Presentation();
try {
    $slide = $presentation->getSlides()->get_Item(0);

    $mathShape = $slide->getShapes()->addMathShape(20, 20, 700, 100);
    $mathParagraph = $mathShape->getTextFrame()->getParagraphs()
        - >get_Item(0)->getPortions()->get_Item(0)->getMathParagraph();

    $limit = (new MathematicalText("lim"))
        - >setLowerLimit("x\u{2192}\u{221E}")
        - >function("x");

    $mathParagraph->add(new MathBlock($limit));

    $presentation->save("functions-and-limits.pptx", SaveFormat::Pptx);
} finally {
    if (!java_is_null($presentation)) {
        $presentation->dispose();
    }
}
```

若要使用自訂函數名稱，將函數名稱設為當前元素：

```php
$customFunction = (new MathematicalText("f"))->function("x + 1");
```

## **加入 N 進制運算子與積分**

使用 [`nary`](https://reference.aspose.com/slides/zh-hant/php-java/aspose.slides/mathelementbase/) 處理總和、聯集、交集以及其他大型運算子。使用 [`integral`](https://reference.aspose.com/slides/zh-hant/php-java/aspose.slides/mathelementbase/) 處理積分。兩個方法皆可設定上下限。

![帶有上下限的求和符號圖示](powerpoint-math-equations_7.png)

```php
$presentation = new Presentation();
try {
    $slide = $presentation->getSlides()->get_Item(0);

    $mathShape = $slide->getShapes()->addMathShape(20, 20, 700, 120);
    $mathParagraph = $mathShape->getTextFrame()->getParagraphs()
        - >get_Item(0)->getPortions()->get_Item(0)->getMathParagraph();

    $summationBase = (new MathematicalText("x"))
        - >setSuperscript("k")
        - >join((new MathematicalText("a"))->setSuperscript("n-k"));

    $summation = $summationBase->nary(MathNaryOperatorTypes::Summation, "k=0", "n");

    $mathParagraph->add(new MathBlock($summation));

    $presentation->save("nary-operators.pptx", SaveFormat::Pptx);
} finally {
    if (!java_is_null($presentation)) {
        $presentation->dispose();
    }
}
```

N 進制運算子用於帶有可選上下限的大型運算子。`+`、`-`、`=` 等簡單運算子通常以 `MathematicalText` 加入，並與其他元素串接。

若要建立積分，使用 `integral`：

```php
$integralBase = (new MathematicalText("x"))->join((new MathematicalText("dx"))->toBox());
$integral = $integralBase->integral(MathIntegralTypes::Simple, "0", "1");
```

## **加入矩陣**

使用 [MathMatrix](https://reference.aspose.com/slides/zh-hant/php-java/aspose.slides/mathmatrix/) 來建立行與列。預設情況下矩陣不會包含括號，若需要括弧、方括號或大括號，請自行在矩陣外加上。

![含有一個空格的兩列矩陣圖示](powerpoint-math-equations_10.png)

```php
$presentation = new Presentation();
try {
    $slide = $presentation->getSlides()->get_Item(0);

    $mathShape = $slide->getShapes()->addMathShape(20, 20, 700, 120);
    $mathParagraph = $mathShape->getTextFrame()->getParagraphs()
        - >get_Item(0)->getPortions()->get_Item(0)->getMathParagraph();

    $matrix = new MathMatrix(2, 3);
    $matrix->set_Item(0, 0, new MathematicalText("1"));
    $matrix->set_Item(0, 1, new MathematicalText("x"));
    $matrix->set_Item(1, 0, new MathematicalText("x"));
    $matrix->set_Item(1, 1, new MathematicalText("2"));
    $matrix->set_Item(1, 2, new MathematicalText("y"));

    $mathParagraph->add(new MathBlock($matrix));

    $presentation->save("matrix.pptx", SaveFormat::Pptx);
} finally {
    if (!java_is_null($presentation)) {
        $presentation->dispose();
    }
}
```

## **加入方程式陣列**

需要對齊的方程式或垂直堆疊的表達式時，使用 [`toMathArray`](https://reference.aspose.com/slides/zh-hant/php-java/aspose.slides/mathelementbase/)。

![垂直排列的數學陣列，x 位於 y 之上](powerpoint-math-equations_11.png)

```php
$presentation = new Presentation();
try {
    $slide = $presentation->getSlides()->get_Item(0);

    $mathShape = $slide->getShapes()->addMathShape(20, 20, 700, 140);
    $mathParagraph = $mathShape->getTextFrame()->getParagraphs()
        - >get_Item(0)->getPortions()->get_Item(0)->getMathParagraph();

    $equationArray = (new MathematicalText("x"))
        - >join("y")
        - >toMathArray();

    $mathParagraph->add(new MathBlock($equationArray));

    $presentation->save("equation-array.pptx", SaveFormat::Pptx);
} finally {
    if (!java_is_null($presentation)) {
        $presentation->dispose();
    }
}
```

## **加入三角函數**

當參數是當前元素且函數名稱已知時，使用 [`asArgumentOfFunction`](https://reference.aspose.com/slides/zh-hant/php-java/aspose.slides/mathelementbase/)。

![cos 作用於 2x 的三角函數圖示](powerpoint-math-equations_6.png)

```php
$presentation = new Presentation();
try {
    $slide = $presentation->getSlides()->get_Item(0);

    $mathShape = $slide->getShapes()->addMathShape(20, 20, 700, 100);
    $mathParagraph = $mathShape->getTextFrame()->getParagraphs()
        - >get_Item(0)->getPortions()->get_Item(0)->getMathParagraph();

    $cosine = (new MathematicalText("2x"))
        - >asArgumentOfFunction(MathFunctionsOfOneArgument::Cos);

    $mathParagraph->add(new MathBlock($cosine));

    $presentation->save("trigonometric-function.pptx", SaveFormat::Pptx);
} finally {
    if (!java_is_null($presentation)) {
        $presentation->dispose();
    }
}
```

## **加入下標與上標**

使用下標與上標輔助函式處理索引與指數。若索引須出現在基底左側，使用 [`setSubSuperscriptOnTheLeft`](https://reference.aspose.com/slides/zh-hant/php-java/aspose.slides/mathelementbase/)。

![左側帶有下標 1 及上標 n 的大寫 Y 圖示](powerpoint-math-equations_9.png)

```php
$presentation = new Presentation();
try {
    $slide = $presentation->getSlides()->get_Item(0);

    $mathShape = $slide->getShapes()->addMathShape(20, 20, 700, 100);
    $mathParagraph = $mathShape->getTextFrame()->getParagraphs()
        - >get_Item(0)->getPortions()->get_Item(0)->getMathParagraph();

    $scripts = (new MathematicalText("Y"))
        - >setSubSuperscriptOnTheLeft("1", "n");

    $mathParagraph->add(new MathBlock($scripts));

    $presentation->save("subscript-superscript.pptx", SaveFormat::Pptx);
} finally {
    if (!java_is_null($presentation)) {
        $presentation->dispose();
    }
}
```

## **加入分隔符號**

使用 [`enclose`](https://reference.aspose.com/slides/zh-hant/php-java/aspose.slides/mathelementbase/) 將表達式包在分隔符號內。亦可為包含多個元素的分隔符號表達式設定分隔字元。

![包含 x、y、z 且以直條分隔的分隔符號表達式圖示](powerpoint-math-equations_13.png)

```php
$presentation = new Presentation();
try {
    $slide = $presentation->getSlides()->get_Item(0);

    $mathShape = $slide->getShapes()->addMathShape(20, 20, 700, 100);
    $mathParagraph = $mathShape->getTextFrame()->getParagraphs()
        - >get_Item(0)->getPortions()->get_Item(0)->getMathParagraph();

    $delimiter = (new MathematicalText("x"))
        - >join("y")
        - >join("z")
        - >enclose(new Java("java.lang.Character", "<"), new Java("java.lang.Character", ">"));
    $delimiter->setSeparatorCharacter(new Java("java.lang.Character", "|"));

    $mathParagraph->add(new MathBlock($delimiter));

    $presentation->save("delimiters.pptx", SaveFormat::Pptx);
} finally {
    if (!java_is_null($presentation)) {
        $presentation->dispose();
    }
}
```

## **加入邊框盒**

當方程式本身需要被框住時，使用 [`toBorderBox`](https://reference.aspose.com/slides/zh-hant/php-java/aspose.slides/mathelementbase/)。

![帶框的方程式，c² = a² + b² 的圖示](powerpoint-math-equations_12.png)

```php
$presentation = new Presentation();
try {
    $slide = $presentation->getSlides()->get_Item(0);

    $mathShape = $slide->getShapes()->addMathShape(20, 20, 700, 100);
    $mathParagraph = $mathShape->getTextFrame()->getParagraphs()
        - >get_Item(0)->getPortions()->get_Item(0)->getMathParagraph();

    $boxedEquation = (new MathematicalText("a"))
        - >setSuperscript("2")
        - >join("=")
        - >join((new MathematicalText("b"))->setSuperscript("2"))
        - >join("+")
        - >join((new MathematicalText("c"))->setSuperscript("2"))
        - >toBorderBox();

    $mathParagraph->add(new MathBlock($boxedEquation));

    $presentation->save("border-box.pptx", SaveFormat::Pptx);
} finally {
    if (!java_is_null($presentation)) {
        $presentation->dispose();
    }
}
```

## **分組項目**

使用 [`group`](https://reference.aspose.com/slides/zh-hant/php-java/aspose.slides/mathelementbase/) 將分組符號放在表達式上方或下方。加入限制以標註分組的項目。

![將 x + y 以分組符號包住且下方標註文字的圖示](powerpoint-math-equations_15.png)

```php
$presentation = new Presentation();
try {
    $slide = $presentation->getSlides()->get_Item(0);

    $mathShape = $slide->getShapes()->addMathShape(20, 20, 700, 120);
    $mathParagraph = $mathShape->getTextFrame()->getParagraphs()
        - >get_Item(0)->getPortions()->get_Item(0)->getMathParagraph();

    $grouped = (new MathematicalText("x + y"))
        - >group(new Java("java.lang.Character", "\u{23DF}"), MathTopBotPositions::Bottom, MathTopBotPositions::Top)
        - >setLowerLimit("any text");

    $mathParagraph->add(new MathBlock($grouped));

    $presentation->save("grouped-terms.pptx", SaveFormat::Pptx);
} finally {
    if (!java_is_null($presentation)) {
        $presentation->dispose();
    }
}
```

## **格式化數學元素**

僅在能提升公式可讀性時才使用格式化輔助函式。例如，[`overbar`](https://reference.aspose.com/slides/zh-hant/php-java/aspose.slides/mathelementbase/) 可在數學元素上方加上一條橫線。

![帶有上橫線的 ABC 數學表達式圖示](powerpoint-math-equations_14.png)

```php
$presentation = new Presentation();
try {
    $slide = $presentation->getSlides()->get_Item(0);

    $mathShape = $slide->getShapes()->addMathShape(20, 20, 700, 100);
    $mathParagraph = $mathShape->getTextFrame()->getParagraphs()
        - >get_Item(0)->getPortions()->get_Item(0)->getMathParagraph();

    $overbar = (new MathematicalText("ABC"))->overbar();

    $mathParagraph->add(new MathBlock($overbar));

    $presentation->save("overbar.pptx", SaveFormat::Pptx);
} finally {
    if (!java_is_null($presentation)) {
        $presentation->dispose();
    }
}
```

## **快速參考**

| 任務 | 主要 API |
| --- | --- |
| 建立數學文字 | [MathematicalText](https://reference.aspose.com/slides/zh-hant/php-java/aspose.slides/mathematicaltext/) |
| 合併元素 | [join](https://reference.aspose.com/slides/zh-hant/php-java/aspose.slides/mathelementbase/) |
| 建立分數 | [divide](https://reference.aspose.com/slides/zh-hant/php-java/aspose.slides/mathelementbase/) |
| 加入上標或下標 | [setSuperscript](https://reference.aspose.com/slides/zh-hant/php-java/aspose.slides/mathelementbase/), [setSubscript](https://reference.aspose.com/slides/zh-hant/php-java/aspose.slides/mathelementbase/) |
| 加入函數 | [function](https://reference.aspose.com/slides/zh-hant/php-java/aspose.slides/mathelementbase/), [asArgumentOfFunction](https://reference.aspose.com/slides/zh-hant/php-java/aspose.slides/mathelementbase/) |
| 加入根號 | [radical](https://reference.aspose.com/slides/zh-hant/php-java/aspose.slides/mathelementbase/) |
| 加入極限 | [setLowerLimit](https://reference.aspose.com/slides/zh-hant/php-java/aspose.slides/mathelementbase/), [setUpperLimit](https://reference.aspose.com/slides/zh-hant/php-java/aspose.slides/mathelementbase/) |
| 加入左側標記 | [setSubSuperscriptOnTheLeft](https://reference.aspose.com/slides/zh-hant/php-java/aspose.slides/mathelementbase/) |
| 加入總和與積分 | [nary](https://reference.aspose.com/slides/zh-hant/php-java/aspose.slides/mathelementbase/), [integral](https://reference.aspose.com/slides/zh-hant/php-java/aspose.slides/mathelementbase/) |
| 加入矩陣 | [MathMatrix](https://reference.aspose.com/slides/zh-hant/php-java/aspose.slides/mathmatrix/) |
| 加入方程式陣列 | [toMathArray](https://reference.aspose.com/slides/zh-hant/php-java/aspose.slides/mathelementbase/) |
| 加入分隔符號 | [enclose](https://reference.aspose.com/slides/zh-hant/php-java/aspose.slides/mathelementbase/) |
| 加入橫線與邊框 | [overbar](https://reference.aspose.com/slides/zh-hant/php-java/aspose.slides/mathelementbase/), [toBorderBox](https://reference.aspose.com/slides/zh-hant/php-java/aspose.slides/mathelementbase/) |
| 分組項目 | [group](https://reference.aspose.com/slides/zh-hant/php-java/aspose.slides/mathelementbase/) |

## **常見問答**

**我可以編輯已存在的 PowerPoint 方程式嗎？**

可以。開啟簡報，找到包含 `MathPortion` 的圖形，取得其 `MathParagraph`，然後更新該段落中的數學區塊。

**方程式是否會儲存為可編輯的 PowerPoint 數學內容？**

會。儲存為 PPTX 時，Aspose.Slides 會將方程式寫入可編輯的 Office 數學內容。

**我可以將方程式匯出為 LaTeX 嗎？**

Aspose.Slides 會將數學方程式匯出為 MathML。若需要 LaTeX，請先匯出為 MathML，然後使用支援目標 LaTeX 方言的工具將 MathML 轉換為 LaTeX。