合并表格单元格

有时,表中的某些行需要标题或占用表全宽的大文本块。 为了正确设计表格,用户可以将几个表格单元格合并为一个。 Aspose.Words在处理所有输入格式(包括导入HTML内容)时支持合并单元格。

如何合并表格单元格

在Aspose.Words中,合并的单元格由CellFormat类的以下属性表示:

  • HorizontalMerge描述单元格是否是单元格水平合并的一部分
  • VerticalMerge描述单元格是否是单元格垂直合并的一部分

这些属性的值确定单元格的合并行为:

work-with-merged-cells-aspose-words-java

检查单元格是否合并

要检查单元格是否是合并单元格序列的一部分,我们只需检查HorizontalMergeVerticalMerge属性。

下面的代码示例演示如何打印水平和垂直单元格合并类型:

// For complete examples and data files, please go to https://github.com/aspose-words/Aspose.Words-for-Java.git.
Document doc = new Document(getMyDir() + "Table with merged cells.docx");
Table table = (Table) doc.getChild(NodeType.TABLE, 0, true);
for (Row row : (Iterable<Row>) table.getRows())
{
for (Cell cell : (Iterable<Cell>) row.getCells())
{
System.out.println(printCellMergeType(cell));
}
}

使用DocumentBuilder时合并表格单元格

要合并使用DocumentBuilder创建的表中的单元格,您需要为预期合并的每个单元格设置适当的合并类型–首先是CellMerge.First,然后是CellMerge.Previous

此外,您必须记住清除那些不需要合并的单元格的合并设置–这可以通过将第一个非合并单元格设置为CellMerge.None来完成。 如果不这样做,表中的所有单元格都将被合并。

下面的代码示例演示如何创建具有两行的表,其中第一行中的单元格水平合并:

// For complete examples and data files, please go to https://github.com/aspose-words/Aspose.Words-for-Java.git.
Document doc = new Document();
DocumentBuilder builder = new DocumentBuilder(doc);
builder.insertCell();
builder.getCellFormat().setHorizontalMerge(CellMerge.FIRST);
builder.write("Text in merged cells.");
builder.insertCell();
// This cell is merged to the previous and should be empty.
builder.getCellFormat().setHorizontalMerge(CellMerge.PREVIOUS);
builder.endRow();
builder.insertCell();
builder.getCellFormat().setHorizontalMerge(CellMerge.NONE);
builder.write("Text in one cell.");
builder.insertCell();
builder.write("Text in another cell.");
builder.endRow();
builder.endTable();
doc.save(getArtifactsDir() + "WorkingWithTables.HorizontalMerge.docx");

下面的代码示例演示如何创建一个两列表,其中第一列中的单元格垂直合并:

// For complete examples and data files, please go to https://github.com/aspose-words/Aspose.Words-for-Java.git.
Document doc = new Document();
DocumentBuilder builder = new DocumentBuilder(doc);
builder.insertCell();
builder.getCellFormat().setVerticalMerge(CellMerge.FIRST);
builder.write("Text in merged cells.");
builder.insertCell();
builder.getCellFormat().setVerticalMerge(CellMerge.NONE);
builder.write("Text in one cell");
builder.endRow();
builder.insertCell();
// This cell is vertically merged to the cell above and should be empty.
builder.getCellFormat().setVerticalMerge(CellMerge.PREVIOUS);
builder.insertCell();
builder.getCellFormat().setVerticalMerge(CellMerge.NONE);
builder.write("Text in another cell");
builder.endRow();
builder.endTable();
doc.save(getArtifactsDir() + "WorkingWithTables.VerticalMerge.docx");

在其他情况下合并表格单元格

在不使用DocumentBuilder的其他情况下,例如在现有表中,以前面的方式合并单元格可能不那么容易。 相反,我们可以将合并属性应用于单元格的基本操作包装在一个使任务更容易的方法中。 此方法类似于合并自动化方法,它被称为合并表中的单元格范围。

下面的代码将合并指定范围内的表格单元格,从给定单元格开始,到结束单元格结束。 在这种情况下,范围可以跨越多行或多列:

// For complete examples and data files, please go to https://github.com/aspose-words/Aspose.Words-for-Java.git.
void mergeCells(Cell startCell, Cell endCell)
{
Table parentTable = startCell.getParentRow().getParentTable();
// Find the row and cell indices for the start and end cell.
Point startCellPos = new Point(startCell.getParentRow().indexOf(startCell),
parentTable.indexOf(startCell.getParentRow()));
Point endCellPos = new Point(endCell.getParentRow().indexOf(endCell), parentTable.indexOf(endCell.getParentRow()));
// Create a range of cells to be merged based on these indices.
// Inverse each index if the end cell is before the start cell.
Rectangle mergeRange = new Rectangle(Math.min(startCellPos.x, endCellPos.y),
Math.min(startCellPos.y, endCellPos.y),
Math.abs(endCellPos.x - startCellPos.x) + 1, Math.abs(endCellPos.y - startCellPos.y) + 1);
for (Row row : parentTable.getRows())
{
for (Cell cell : row.getCells())
{
Point currentPos = new Point(row.indexOf(cell), parentTable.indexOf(row));
// Check if the current cell is inside our merge range, then merge it.
if (mergeRange.contains(currentPos))
{
cell.getCellFormat().setHorizontalMerge(currentPos.x == mergeRange.getX() ? CellMerge.FIRST : CellMerge.PREVIOUS);
cell.getCellFormat().setVerticalMerge(currentPos.y == mergeRange.getY() ? CellMerge.FIRST : CellMerge.PREVIOUS);
}
}
}
}

下面的代码示例演示如何在两个指定单元格之间合并单元格范围:

// For complete examples and data files, please go to https://github.com/aspose-words/Aspose.Words-for-Java.git.
Document doc = new Document(getMyDir() + "Table with merged cells.docx");
Table table = doc.getFirstSection().getBody().getTables().get(0);
// We want to merge the range of cells found inbetween these two cells.
Cell cellStartRange = table.getRows().get(0).getCells().get(0);
Cell cellEndRange = table.getRows().get(1).getCells().get(1);
// Merge all the cells between the two specified cells into one.
mergeCells(cellStartRange, cellEndRange);
doc.save(getArtifactsDir() + "WorkingWithTables.MergeCellRange.docx");

HTML表中的垂直和水平合并单元格

正如我们在前面的文章中所说,Microsoft Word中的表是一组独立的行。 每行都有一组独立于其他行的单元格的单元格。 因此,在Microsoft Word表中没有"列"这样的对象,“第一列"类似于"表中每行的第一个单元格的集合”。 这允许用户有一个表,其中,例如,第1行由两个单元格–2cm和1cm组成,而第2行由两个不同的单元格–1cm和2cm宽组成。 Aspose.Words支持这种表的概念。

HTML中的表具有本质上不同的结构:每行具有相同数量的单元格,并且(对于任务很重要)每个单元格具有相应列的宽度,对于一列中的所有单元格都相同。 因此,如果HorizontalMergeVerticalMerge返回不正确的值,请使用以下代码示例:

// For complete examples and data files, please go to https://github.com/aspose-words/Aspose.Words-for-Java.git.
Document doc = new Document(getMyDir() + "Table with merged cells.docx");
SpanVisitor visitor = new SpanVisitor(doc);
doc.accept(visitor);
// For complete examples and data files, please go to https://github.com/aspose-words/Aspose.Words-for-Java.git.
/// <summary>
/// Helper class that contains collection of rowinfo for each row.
/// </summary>
public static class TableInfo
{
public ArrayList<RowInfo> getRows() { return mRows; }
private ArrayList<RowInfo> mRows = new ArrayList<>();
}
/// <summary>
/// Helper class that contains collection of cellinfo for each cell.
/// </summary>
public static class RowInfo
{
public ArrayList<CellInfo> getCells() { return mCells; };
private ArrayList<CellInfo> mCells = new ArrayList<>();
}
/// <summary>
/// Helper class that contains info about cell. currently here is only colspan and rowspan.
/// </summary>
public static class CellInfo
{
public CellInfo(int colSpan, int rowSpan)
{
mColSpan = colSpan;
mRowSpan = rowSpan;
}
public int getColSpan() { return mColSpan; };
private int mColSpan;
public int getRowSpan() { return mRowSpan; };
private int mRowSpan;
}
public static class SpanVisitor extends DocumentVisitor
{
/// <summary>
/// Creates new SpanVisitor instance.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="doc">
/// Is document which we should parse.
/// </param>
public SpanVisitor(Document doc) throws Exception {
mWordTables = doc.getChildNodes(NodeType.TABLE, true);
// We will parse HTML to determine the rowspan and colspan of each cell.
ByteArrayOutputStream htmlStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
HtmlSaveOptions options = new HtmlSaveOptions();
{
options.setImagesFolder(System.getProperty("java.io.tmpdir"));
}
doc.save(htmlStream, options);
// Load HTML into the XML document.
org.jsoup.nodes.Document document = Jsoup.parse(htmlStream.toString());
// Get collection of tables in the HTML document.
Elements tables = document.getElementsByTag("table");
for (Element table : tables) {
TableInfo tableInf = new TableInfo();
// Get collection of rows in the table.
Elements rows = table.getElementsByTag("tr");
for (Element row : rows) {
RowInfo rowInf = new RowInfo();
// Get collection of cells.
Elements cells = row.getElementsByTag("td");
for (Element cell : cells) {
// Determine row span and colspan of the current cell.
String colSpanAttr = cell.attributes().get("colspan");
String rowSpanAttr = cell.attributes().get("rowspan");
int colSpan = StringUtils.isNotBlank(colSpanAttr) ? Integer.parseInt(colSpanAttr) : 0;
int rowSpan = StringUtils.isNotBlank(rowSpanAttr) ? Integer.parseInt(rowSpanAttr) : 0;
CellInfo cellInf = new CellInfo(colSpan, rowSpan);
rowInf.getCells().add(cellInf);
}
tableInf.getRows().add(rowInf);
}
mTables.add(tableInf);
}
}
public int visitCellStart(Cell cell)
{
int tabIdx = mWordTables.indexOf(cell.getParentRow().getParentTable());
int rowIdx = cell.getParentRow().getParentTable().indexOf(cell.getParentRow());
int cellIdx = cell.getParentRow().indexOf(cell);
int colSpan = 0;
int rowSpan = 0;
if (tabIdx < mTables.size() &&
rowIdx < mTables.get(tabIdx).getRows().size() &&
cellIdx < mTables.get(tabIdx).getRows().get(rowIdx).getCells().size())
{
colSpan = mTables.get(tabIdx).getRows().get(rowIdx).getCells().get(cellIdx).getColSpan();
rowSpan = mTables.get(tabIdx).getRows().get(rowIdx).getCells().get(cellIdx).getRowSpan();
}
System.out.println(MessageFormat.format("{0}.{1}.{2} colspan={3}\t rowspan={4}", tabIdx, rowIdx, cellIdx, colSpan, rowSpan));
return VisitorAction.CONTINUE;
}
private ArrayList<TableInfo> mTables = new ArrayList<>();
private NodeCollection mWordTables;
}

转换为水平合并的单元格

有时无法检测哪些单元格被合并,因为某些较新版本的Microsoft Word在单元格水平合并时不再使用合并标志。 但是对于使用合并标志按单元格宽度水平合并到单元格的情况,Aspose.Words提供了ConvertToHorizontallyMergedCells方法来转换单元格。 此方法只需转换表格并根据需要添加新单元格。

下面的代码示例在操作中显示了上述方法:

// For complete examples and data files, please go to https://github.com/aspose-words/Aspose.Words-for-Java.git.
Document doc = new Document(getMyDir() + "Table with merged cells.docx");
Table table = doc.getFirstSection().getBody().getTables().get(0);
// Now merged cells have appropriate merge flags.
table.convertToHorizontallyMergedCells();