使用图表

新的 insert_chart 方法已添加到 DocumentBuilder 类中。那么，让我们看看如何使用 DocumentBuilder.insert_chart 方法将简单的柱形图插入到文档中：

如何插入图表

在本节中，我们将学习如何将图表插入到文档中。

插入柱形图

以下代码示例展示了如何插入柱形图：

# For complete examples and data files, please go to https://github.com/aspose-words/Aspose.Words-for-Python-via-.NET
doc = aw.Document()
builder = aw.DocumentBuilder(doc)

# You can specify different chart types and sizes.
shape = builder.insert_chart(aw.drawing.charts.ChartType.COLUMN, 432, 252)

chart = shape.chart
seriesColl = chart.series

print(seriesColl.count)

# Delete default generated series.
seriesColl.clear()

# Create category names array, in this example we have two categories.
categories = [ "Category 1", "Category 2" ]

# Please note, data arrays must not be empty and arrays must be the same size.
seriesColl.add("Aspose Series 1", categories, [ 1, 2 ])
seriesColl.add("Aspose Series 2", categories, [ 3, 4 ])
seriesColl.add("Aspose Series 3", categories, [ 5, 6 ])
seriesColl.add("Aspose Series 4", categories, [ 7, 8 ])
seriesColl.add("Aspose Series 5", categories, [ 9, 10 ])

doc.save(docs_base.artifacts_dir + "WorkingWithCharts.insert_simple_column_chart.docx")

该代码产生以下结果：

有 add、add_double 和 add_date 方法，这些方法涵盖了所有图表类型的数据源的所有可能变体：

# For complete examples and data files, please go to https://github.com/aspose-words/Aspose.Words-for-Python-via-.NET
doc = aw.Document()
builder = aw.DocumentBuilder(doc)

shape = builder.insert_chart(aw.drawing.charts.ChartType.COLUMN, 432, 252)

chart = shape.chart
chart.series.add("Aspose Series 1", [ "Category 1", "Category 2" ], [ 1, 2 ])

doc.save(docs_base.artifacts_dir + "WorkingWithCharts.insert_column_chart.docx")

该代码产生以下结果：

插入散点图

下面的示例展示了如何插入散点图。

# For complete examples and data files, please go to https://github.com/aspose-words/Aspose.Words-for-Python-via-.NET
doc = aw.Document()
builder = aw.DocumentBuilder(doc)

shape = builder.insert_chart(aw.drawing.charts.ChartType.SCATTER, 432, 252)

chart = shape.chart
chart.series.add_double("Aspose Series 1", [ 0.7, 1.8, 2.6 ], [ 2.7, 3.2, 0.8 ])

doc.save(docs_base.artifacts_dir + "WorkingWithCharts.insert_scatter_chart.docx")

该代码产生以下结果：

插入面积图

以下代码示例展示了如何插入面积图：

# For complete examples and data files, please go to https://github.com/aspose-words/Aspose.Words-for-Python-via-.NET
doc = aw.Document()
builder = aw.DocumentBuilder(doc)

shape = builder.insert_chart(aw.drawing.charts.ChartType.AREA, 432, 252)

chart = shape.chart
chart.series.add_date("Aspose Series 1", 
    [ date(2002, 5, 1), date(2002, 6, 1), date(2002, 7, 1), date(2002, 8, 1), date(2002, 9, 1) ], 
    [ 32, 32, 28, 12, 15 ])
    
doc.save(docs_base.artifacts_dir + "WorkingWithCharts.insert_area_chart.docx")

该代码产生以下结果：

插入气泡图

以下代码示例展示了如何插入气泡图：

# For complete examples and data files, please go to https://github.com/aspose-words/Aspose.Words-for-Python-via-.NET
doc = aw.Document()
builder = aw.DocumentBuilder(doc)

shape = builder.insert_chart(aw.drawing.charts.ChartType.BUBBLE, 432, 252)

chart = shape.chart
chart.series.add("Aspose Series 1", [ 0.7, 1.8, 2.6 ], [ 2.7, 3.2, 0.8 ], [ 10, 4, 8 ])
    
doc.save(docs_base.artifacts_dir + "WorkingWithCharts.insert_bubble_chart.docx")

该代码产生以下结果：

通过 Shape.chart 对象使用图表

插入图表并填充数据后，您就可以更改其外观。 Shape.chart 属性包含通过公共 API 提供的所有图表相关选项。

例如，让我们更改 Chart 标题或图例行为：

# For complete examples and data files, please go to https://github.com/aspose-words/Aspose.Words-for-Python-via-.NET
doc = aw.Document()
builder = aw.DocumentBuilder(doc)

shape = builder.insert_chart(aw.drawing.charts.ChartType.LINE, 432, 252)

chart = shape.chart
chart.title.show = True
chart.title.text = "Line Chart Title"
chart.title.overlay = False

# Please note if None or empty value is specified as title text, auto generated title will be shown.

chart.legend.position = aw.drawing.charts.LegendPosition.LEFT
chart.legend.overlay = True
    
doc.save(docs_base.artifacts_dir + "WorkingWithCharts.create_chart_using_shape.docx")

该代码生成以下结果：

如何使用 ChartSeries 图表集合

让我们看看 ChartSeries 集合。所有图表系列均可通过 Chart.series 集合获取：

# For complete examples and data files, please go to https://github.com/aspose-words/Aspose.Words-for-Python-via-.NET
seriesColl = chart.series

print(seriesColl.count)

您可以逐个删除系列或清除所有系列，也可以根据需要添加新系列。新插入的图表已添加到此集合中的一些默认系列。要删除它们，您需要调用 chart.series.clear() 方法。

使用单个 ChartSeries 类

以下是如何处理特定系列。

# For complete examples and data files, please go to https://github.com/aspose-words/Aspose.Words-for-Python-via-.NET
series0 = chart.series[0]
series1 = chart.series[1]

series0.name = "Chart Series Name 1"
series1.name = "Chart Series Name 2"

# You can also specify whether the line connecting the points on the chart shall be smoothed using Catmull-Rom splines.
series0.smooth = True
series1.smooth = True

请看下面的结果：

所有单个 ChartSeries 都有默认的 ChartDataPoint 选项，请尝试使用以下代码更改它们：

# For complete examples and data files, please go to https://github.com/aspose-words/Aspose.Words-for-Python-via-.NET
# Specifies whether by default the parent element shall inverts its colors if the value is negative.
series0.invert_if_negative = True

series0.marker.symbol = aw.drawing.charts.MarkerSymbol.CIRCLE
series0.marker.size = 15

series1.marker.symbol = aw.drawing.charts.MarkerSymbol.STAR
series1.marker.size = 10

请看下面的结果：

如何使用 ChartSeries 的单个 ChartDataPoint

使用 ChartDataPoint，您可以自定义图表系列的单个数据点的格式：

# For complete examples and data files, please go to https://github.com/aspose-words/Aspose.Words-for-Python-via-.NET
doc = aw.Document()
builder = aw.DocumentBuilder(doc)

shape = builder.insert_chart(aw.drawing.charts.ChartType.LINE, 432, 252)

chart = shape.chart
series0 = chart.series[0]
series1 = chart.series[1]

dataPointCollection = series0.data_points
dataPoint00 = dataPointCollection[0]
dataPoint01 = dataPointCollection[1]

dataPoint00.explosion = 50
dataPoint00.marker.symbol = aw.drawing.charts.MarkerSymbol.CIRCLE
dataPoint00.marker.size = 15

dataPoint01.marker.symbol = aw.drawing.charts.MarkerSymbol.DIAMOND
dataPoint01.marker.size = 20

dataPoint12 = series1.data_points[2]
dataPoint12.invert_if_negative = True
dataPoint12.marker.symbol = aw.drawing.charts.MarkerSymbol.STAR
dataPoint12.marker.size = 20

doc.save(docs_base.artifacts_dir + "WorkingWithCharts.single_chart_data_point.docx")

请看下面的结果：

如何使用单个 ChartSeries 的 ChartDataLabel

使用 ChartDataLabel，您可以指定图表系列的单个数据标签的格式，例如显示/隐藏 LegendKey、CategoryName、SeriesName、Value 等。

# For complete examples and data files, please go to https://github.com/aspose-words/Aspose.Words-for-Python-via-.NET
doc = aw.Document()
builder = aw.DocumentBuilder(doc)

shape = builder.insert_chart(aw.drawing.charts.ChartType.BAR, 432, 252)

chart = shape.chart
series0 = shape.chart.series[0]

labels = series0.data_labels
labels.show_legend_key = True
# By default, when you add data labels to the data points in a pie chart, leader lines are displayed for data labels that are
# positioned far outside the end of data points. Leader lines create a visual connection between a data label and its 
# corresponding data point.
labels.show_leader_lines = True
labels.show_category_name = False
labels.show_percentage = False
labels.show_series_name = True
labels.show_value = True
labels.separator = "/"
labels.show_value = True
    
doc.save(docs_base.artifacts_dir + "WorkingWithCharts.chart_data_label.docx")

请看下面的结果：

如何定义 ChartSeries 的 ChartDataLabels 的默认选项

ChartDataLabelCollection 类定义可用于设置图表系列 ChartDataLabels 的默认选项的属性。这些属性包括 show_category_name、show_bubble_size、show_percentage、show_series_name、show_value 等。

# For complete examples and data files, please go to https://github.com/aspose-words/Aspose.Words-for-Python-via-.NET
doc = aw.Document()
builder = aw.DocumentBuilder(doc)

shape = builder.insert_chart(aw.drawing.charts.ChartType.PIE, 432, 252)

chart = shape.chart

chart.series.clear()

series = chart.series.add("Aspose Series 1",
    [ "Category 1", "Category 2", "Category 3" ],
    [ 2.7, 3.2, 0.8 ])

labels = series.data_labels
labels.show_percentage = True
labels.show_value = True
labels.show_leader_lines = False
labels.separator = " - "

doc.save(docs_base.artifacts_dir + "WorkingWithCharts.default_options_for_data_labels.docx")

请看下面的结果：

如何设置图表数据标签数量的格式

使用 ChartDataLabel.number_format，您可以指定图表的单个数据标签的数字格式。

下面的代码示例展示了如何格式化多个数据标签：

# For complete examples and data files, please go to https://github.com/aspose-words/Aspose.Words-for-Python-via-.NET
doc = aw.Document()
builder = aw.DocumentBuilder(doc)

shape = builder.insert_chart(aw.drawing.charts.ChartType.LINE, 432, 252)

chart = shape.chart
chart.title.text = "Data Labels With Different Number Format"

# Delete default generated series.
chart.series.clear()

series1 = chart.series.add("Aspose Series 1", [ "Category 1", "Category 2", "Category 3" ], [ 2.5, 1.5, 3.5 ])
    
series1.has_data_labels = True
series1.data_labels.show_value = True
series1.data_labels[0].number_format.format_code = "\"$\"#,##0.00"
series1.data_labels[1].number_format.format_code = "dd/mm/yyyy"
series1.data_labels[2].number_format.format_code = "0.00%"

# Or you can set format code to be linked to a source cell,
# in this case NumberFormat will be reset to general and inherited from a source cell.
series1.data_labels[2].number_format.is_linked_to_source = True

doc.save(docs_base.artifacts_dir + "WorkingWithCharts.format_number_of_data_label.docx")

如何设置图表轴属性

如果您想使用图表轴、缩放比例和值轴的显示单位，请使用 ChartAxis、AxisDisplayUnit 和 AxisScaling 类。

以下代码示例显示如何定义 X 轴和 Y 轴属性：

# For complete examples and data files, please go to https://github.com/aspose-words/Aspose.Words-for-Python-via-.NET
doc = aw.Document()
builder = aw.DocumentBuilder(doc)

# Insert chart
shape = builder.insert_chart(aw.drawing.charts.ChartType.AREA, 432, 252)

chart = shape.chart

chart.series.clear()

chart.series.add_date("Aspose Series 1",
    [ date(2002, 1, 1), date(2002, 6, 1), date(2002, 7, 1), date(2002, 8, 1), date(2002, 9, 1) ],
    [ 640, 320, 280, 120, 150 ])

xAxis = chart.axis_x
yAxis = chart.axis_y

# Change the X axis to be category instead of date, so all the points will be put with equal interval on the X axis.
xAxis.category_type = aw.drawing.charts.AxisCategoryType.CATEGORY
xAxis.crosses = aw.drawing.charts.AxisCrosses.CUSTOM
xAxis.crosses_at = 3 # Measured in display units of the Y axis (hundreds).
xAxis.reverse_order = True
xAxis.major_tick_mark = aw.drawing.charts.AxisTickMark.CROSS
xAxis.minor_tick_mark = aw.drawing.charts.AxisTickMark.OUTSIDE
xAxis.tick_label_offset = 200

yAxis.tick_label_position = aw.drawing.charts.AxisTickLabelPosition.HIGH
yAxis.major_unit = 100
yAxis.minor_unit = 50
yAxis.display_unit.unit = aw.drawing.charts.AxisBuiltInUnit.HUNDREDS
yAxis.scaling.minimum = aw.drawing.charts.AxisBound(100)
yAxis.scaling.maximum = aw.drawing.charts.AxisBound(700)

doc.save(docs_base.artifacts_dir + "WorkingWithCharts.define_xy_axis_properties.docx")

如何设置轴的 Date 时间值

以下代码示例显示如何将日期/时间值设置为轴属性：

# For complete examples and data files, please go to https://github.com/aspose-words/Aspose.Words-for-Python-via-.NET
doc = aw.Document()
builder = aw.DocumentBuilder(doc)

shape = builder.insert_chart(aw.drawing.charts.ChartType.COLUMN, 432, 252)
chart = shape.chart

chart.series.clear()

chart.series.add_date("Aspose Series 1",
    [ date(2017, 11, 6), date(2017, 11, 9), date(2017, 11, 15), date(2017, 11, 21), date(2017, 11, 25), date(2017, 11, 29) ],
    [ 1.2, 0.3, 2.1, 2.9, 4.2, 5.3 ])

xAxis = chart.axis_x
xAxis.scaling.minimum = aw.drawing.charts.AxisBound(date(2017, 11, 5))
xAxis.scaling.maximum = aw.drawing.charts.AxisBound(date(2017, 12, 3))

# Set major units to a week and minor units to a day.
xAxis.major_unit = 7
xAxis.minor_unit = 1
xAxis.major_tick_mark = aw.drawing.charts.AxisTickMark.CROSS
xAxis.minor_tick_mark = aw.drawing.charts.AxisTickMark.OUTSIDE

doc.save(docs_base.artifacts_dir + "WorkingWithCharts.date_time_values_to_axis.docx")

如何格式化轴的数值

以下代码示例演示如何更改值轴上的数字格式：

# For complete examples and data files, please go to https://github.com/aspose-words/Aspose.Words-for-Python-via-.NET
doc = aw.Document()
builder = aw.DocumentBuilder(doc)

shape = builder.insert_chart(aw.drawing.charts.ChartType.COLUMN, 432, 252)

chart = shape.chart

chart.series.clear()

chart.series.add("Aspose Series 1",
    [ "Item 1", "Item 2", "Item 3", "Item 4", "Item 5" ],
    [ 1900000, 850000, 2100000, 600000, 1500000 ])

chart.axis_y.number_format.format_code = "#,##0"

doc.save(docs_base.artifacts_dir + "WorkingWithCharts.number_format_for_axis.docx")

如何设置轴的界限

AxisBound 类表示轴值的最小或最大界限。绑定可以指定为数字、日期时间或特殊的"自动"值。

以下代码示例显示如何设置轴的边界：

# For complete examples and data files, please go to https://github.com/aspose-words/Aspose.Words-for-Python-via-.NET
doc = aw.Document()
builder = aw.DocumentBuilder(doc)

shape = builder.insert_chart(aw.drawing.charts.ChartType.COLUMN, 432, 252)

chart = shape.chart

chart.series.clear()

chart.series.add("Aspose Series 1",
    [ "Item 1", "Item 2", "Item 3", "Item 4", "Item 5" ],
    [ 1.2, 0.3, 2.1, 2.9, 4.2 ])

chart.axis_y.scaling.minimum = aw.drawing.charts.AxisBound(0)
chart.axis_y.scaling.maximum = aw.drawing.charts.AxisBound(6)

doc.save(docs_base.artifacts_dir + "WorkingWithCharts.bounds_of_axis.docx")

如何设置标签之间的间隔单位

以下代码示例显示如何设置轴上标签之间的间隔单位：

# For complete examples and data files, please go to https://github.com/aspose-words/Aspose.Words-for-Python-via-.NET
doc = aw.Document()
builder = aw.DocumentBuilder(doc)

shape = builder.insert_chart(aw.drawing.charts.ChartType.COLUMN, 432, 252)

chart = shape.chart

chart.series.clear()

chart.series.add("Aspose Series 1",
    [ "Item 1", "Item 2", "Item 3", "Item 4", "Item 5" ],
    [ 1.2, 0.3, 2.1, 2.9, 4.2 ])

chart.axis_x.tick_label_spacing = 2

doc.save(docs_base.artifacts_dir + "WorkingWithCharts.interval_unit_between_labels_on_axis.docx")

如何隐藏图表轴

如果要显示或隐藏图表轴，只需设置 ChartAxis.hidden 属性的值即可实现。

以下代码示例展示了如何隐藏图表的 Y 轴：

# For complete examples and data files, please go to https://github.com/aspose-words/Aspose.Words-for-Python-via-.NET
doc = aw.Document()
builder = aw.DocumentBuilder(doc)

shape = builder.insert_chart(aw.drawing.charts.ChartType.COLUMN, 432, 252)

chart = shape.chart
    
chart.series.clear()
    
chart.series.add("Aspose Series 1",
    [ "Item 1", "Item 2", "Item 3", "Item 4", "Item 5" ],
    [ 1.2, 0.3, 2.1, 2.9, 4.2 ])
    
chart.axis_y.hidden = True

doc.save(docs_base.artifacts_dir + "WorkingWithCharts.hide_chart_axis.docx")

如何对齐图表标签

如果要设置多行标签的文本对齐方式，只需设置 ChartAxis.tick_label_alignment 属性的值即可实现。

以下代码示例展示了如何勾选标签对齐：

# For complete examples and data files, please go to https://github.com/aspose-words/Aspose.Words-for-Python-via-.NET
doc = aw.Document()
builder = aw.DocumentBuilder(doc)

shape = builder.insert_chart(aw.drawing.charts.ChartType.SCATTER, 450, 250)

axis = shape.chart.axis_x
# This property has effect only for multi-line labels.
axis.tick_label_alignment = aw.ParagraphAlignment.RIGHT

doc.save(docs_base.artifacts_dir + "WorkingWithCharts.tick_multi_line_label_alignment.docx")

默认情况下，MS Word 将图表标签居中对齐。

如何设置填充和描边格式

可以为图表系列、数据点和标记设置填充和描边格式。为此，您需要使用 ChartSeries、ChartDataPoint 和 ChartMarker 类中 ChartFormat 类型的属性，以及某些属性的别名，例如 Stroke 类中的 fore_color、back_color、visible 和 transparency。

以下代码示例展示了如何设置系列颜色：

doc = aw.Document()
builder = aw.DocumentBuilder(doc)

shape = builder.insert_chart(aw.drawing.charts.ChartType.COLUMN, 432, 252)

chart = shape.chart
seriesColl = chart.series

# Delete default generated series.
seriesColl.clear()

# Create category names array.
categories = [ "AW Category 1", "AW Category 2" ]

# Adding new series. Value and category arrays must be the same size.
series1 = seriesColl.add("AW Series 1", categories, [ 1, 2 ])
series2 = seriesColl.add("AW Series 2", categories, [ 3, 4 ])
series3 = seriesColl.add("AW Series 3", categories, [ 5, 6 ])

# Set series color.
series1.format.fill.fore_color = drawing.Color.red
series2.format.fill.fore_color = drawing.Color.yellow
series3.format.fill.fore_color = drawing.Color.blue

doc.save(docs_base.artifacts_dir + "WorkingWithCharts.set_series_color.docx")

以下代码示例展示了如何设置线条颜色和粗细：

doc = aw.Document()
builder = aw.DocumentBuilder(doc)

shape = builder.insert_chart(aw.drawing.charts.ChartType.LINE, 432, 252)

chart = shape.chart
seriesColl = chart.series

# Delete default generated series.
seriesColl.clear()

# Adding new series.
series1 = seriesColl.add_double("AW Series 1", [ 0.7, 1.8, 2.6 ], [ 2.7, 3.2, 0.8 ])
series2 = seriesColl.add_double("AW Series 2", [ 0.5, 1.5, 2.5 ], [ 3, 1, 2 ])

# Set series color.
series1.format.stroke.fore_color = drawing.Color.red
series1.format.stroke.weight = 5
series2.format.stroke.fore_color = drawing.Color.light_green
series2.format.stroke.weight = 5

doc.save(docs_base.artifacts_dir + "WorkingWithCharts.line_color_and_weight.docx")