在 Python 中管理演示文稿批注

本页内容简介

使用 Aspose.Slides for Python via .NET 管理演示文稿批注：在 PowerPoint 演示文稿中添加、读取、编辑、回复和移除批注。

概述

本文解释如何使用 Aspose.Slides for Python via .NET 管理演示文稿中的批注。它介绍了主要的批注相关类型，并演示了如何向幻灯片添加批注、访问现有批注、处理回复和现代批注以及从演示文稿中删除批注。

示例涵盖了 PowerPoint 中常见的审阅和协作场景，例如为作者分配批注、读取批注文本和元数据、构建回复链以及删除选定的批注或全部批注。

在 PowerPoint 中，批注以幻灯片上的注释形式出现。选择批注后会显示其文本和相关讨论。

为什么要向演示文稿添加批注？

在审阅演示文稿时，您可以使用批注提供反馈并与同事协作。

Aspose.Slides for Python via .NET 提供以下用于处理批注的 API：

• The Presentation class, which provides access to the presentation’s comment authors.
• The CommentCollection class, which represents the comments associated with an individual author.
• The Comment class, which provides information about a comment, including its author, creation time, position, and text.
• The CommentAuthor class, which provides information about an author, including their name, initials, and associated comments.

向幻灯片添加批注

以下示例演示如何向 PowerPoint 演示文稿的幻灯片添加批注：

from datetime import datetime

import aspose.pydrawing as draw
import aspose.slides as slides

with slides.Presentation() as presentation:
    first_slide = presentation.slides[0]
    second_slide = presentation.slides.add_empty_slide(presentation.layout_slides[0])
    author = presentation.comment_authors.add_author("Jawad", "MF")
    position = draw.PointF(0.2, 0.2)
    created_time = datetime.now()

    author.comments.add_comment("Hello Jawad, this is a slide comment", first_slide, position, created_time)
    author.comments.add_comment("Hello Jawad, this is the second slide comment", second_slide, position, created_time)

    comments = first_slide.get_slide_comments(author)
    if len(comments) > 0:
        first_comment = comments[0]
        print(first_comment.text)

        comment_text = first_comment.author.comments[0].text
        print(comment_text)

    presentation.save("Comments_out.pptx", slides.export.SaveFormat.PPTX)

访问幻灯片批注

以下示例演示如何访问 PowerPoint 演示文稿中已有的批注：

import aspose.slides as slides

with slides.Presentation("Comments1.pptx") as presentation:
    for author in presentation.comment_authors:
        for comment in author.comments:
            print("Slide: " + str(comment.slide.slide_number))
            print("Comment: " + comment.text)
            print("Author: " + comment.author.name)
            print("Posted at: " + str(comment.created_time))
            print()

回复批注

父批注是回复层级顶部的原始批注。Comment 类的parent_comment 属性允许获取或设置批注的父批注。

以下示例演示如何添加回复并检查生成的批注层级结构：

from datetime import datetime

import aspose.pydrawing as draw
import aspose.slides as slides

with slides.Presentation() as presentation:
    slide = presentation.slides[0]
    position = draw.PointF(10, 10)
    created_time = datetime.now()

    author1 = presentation.comment_authors.add_author("Author_1", "A.A.")
    comment1 = author1.comments.add_comment("comment 1", slide, position, created_time)

    author2 = presentation.comment_authors.add_author("Author_2", "B.B.")
    reply1 = author2.comments.add_comment("reply 1 for comment 1", slide, position, created_time)
    reply1.parent_comment = comment1

    reply2 = author2.comments.add_comment("reply 2 for comment 1", slide, position, created_time)
    reply2.parent_comment = comment1

    sub_reply = author1.comments.add_comment("subreply 3 for reply 2", slide, position, created_time)
    sub_reply.parent_comment = reply2

    author2.comments.add_comment("comment 2", slide, position, created_time)
    comment3 = author2.comments.add_comment("comment 3", slide, position, created_time)

    reply3 = author1.comments.add_comment("reply 4 for comment 3", slide, position, created_time)
    reply3.parent_comment = comment3

    comments = slide.get_slide_comments(None)
    for current_comment in comments:
        comment = current_comment
        while comment.parent_comment is not None:
            print("\t", end="")
            comment = comment.parent_comment

        print(current_comment.author.name + ": " + current_comment.text)

    presentation.save("parent_comment.pptx", slides.export.SaveFormat.PPTX)

    comment1.remove()
    presentation.save("remove_comment.pptx", slides.export.SaveFormat.PPTX)

Warning

• 当使用 Comment 类的remove 方法删除批注时，所有对该批注的回复也会被删除。
• 如果parent_comment 属性导致循环引用，则会抛出 PptxEditException。

添加现代批注

现代批注可以关联到幻灯片本身、特定形状或 AutoShape 内的文本范围。CommentCollection.add_modern_comment 方法接受一个 Shape 参数，除了幻灯片和批注标记坐标之外。

当 None 传递给 shape 参数时，批注为幻灯片级批注。其标记由提供的坐标定位，但不关联到特定形状，因此 ModernComment.shape 返回 None。当提供了 Shape 时，批注锚定到该形状。坐标仍定义批注标记在幻灯片上的位置，而形状关联可通过 ModernComment.shape 获取。

将现代批注锚定到形状

以下示例创建了一个幻灯片级现代批注和一个锚定到特定 AutoShape 的现代批注。随后读取每个批注关联的形状。

from datetime import datetime

import aspose.pydrawing as draw
import aspose.slides as slides

with slides.Presentation() as presentation:
    slide = presentation.slides[0]
    author = presentation.comment_authors.add_author("Reviewer", "RV")
    shape = slide.shapes.add_auto_shape(slides.ShapeType.RECTANGLE, 50, 50, 300, 80)
    shape.name = "Revenue title"
    shape.text_frame.text = "Quarterly revenue"

    created_time = datetime.now()
    slide_comment_position = draw.PointF(20, 20)
    shape_comment_position = draw.PointF(60, 60)
    slide_comment = author.comments.add_modern_comment("Review the overall slide layout.", slide, None, slide_comment_position, created_time)
    shape_comment = author.comments.add_modern_comment("Check this title.", slide, shape, shape_comment_position, created_time)

    print(slide_comment.shape is None)
    print(shape_comment.shape.name)

    presentation.save("modern_comments.pptx", slides.export.SaveFormat.PPTX)

将批注锚定到不同的形状类型

任何从 Shape 派生的幻灯片对象都可以用作形状锚点。常见示例包括 AutoShape、PictureFrame、GroupShape、Connector 和 GraphicalObject 实例（如图表）。

以下示例创建了几种常见的形状类型，并为每种形状关联了一个现代批注。

import base64
from datetime import datetime

import aspose.pydrawing as draw
import aspose.slides as slides

with slides.Presentation() as presentation:
    slide = presentation.slides[0]
    author = presentation.comment_authors.add_author("Reviewer", "RV")
    created_time = datetime.now()

    auto_shape = slide.shapes.add_auto_shape(slides.ShapeType.RECTANGLE, 20, 20, 180, 60)
    auto_shape.text_frame.text = "AutoShape"
    auto_shape_comment_position = draw.PointF(30, 30)
    author.comments.add_modern_comment("Comment on an AutoShape.", slide, auto_shape, auto_shape_comment_position, created_time)

    image_base64 = "iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAIAAAACCAIAAAD91JpzAAAAFklEQVR4nGP8//8/AwMDEwMDAwMDAwAkBgMB/DXemwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg=="
    image_data = base64.b64decode(image_base64)
    image = presentation.images.add_image(image_data)
    picture_frame = slide.shapes.add_picture_frame(slides.ShapeType.RECTANGLE, 220, 20, 120, 80, image)
    picture_comment_position = draw.PointF(230, 30)
    author.comments.add_modern_comment("Comment on a picture.", slide, picture_frame, picture_comment_position, created_time)

    group_shape = slide.shapes.add_group_shape()
    group_shape.shapes.add_auto_shape(slides.ShapeType.RECTANGLE, 0, 0, 80, 40)
    group_shape.shapes.add_auto_shape(slides.ShapeType.ELLIPSE, 100, 0, 80, 40)
    group_comment_position = draw.PointF(40, 150)
    author.comments.add_modern_comment("Comment on a group.", slide, group_shape, group_comment_position, created_time)

    connector = slide.shapes.add_connector(slides.ShapeType.STRAIGHT_CONNECTOR1, 220, 150, 140, 40)
    connector_comment_position = draw.PointF(240, 150)
    author.comments.add_modern_comment("Comment on a connector.", slide, connector, connector_comment_position, created_time)

    chart = slide.shapes.add_chart(slides.charts.ChartType.CLUSTERED_COLUMN, 400, 20, 250, 180)
    chart_comment_position = draw.PointF(420, 40)
    author.comments.add_modern_comment("Comment on a graphical object.", slide, chart, chart_comment_position, created_time)

    presentation.save("modern_comment_shape_types.pptx", slides.export.SaveFormat.PPTX)

将批注锚定到文本并设置其状态

对于关联到 AutoShape 的现代批注，ModernComment.text_selection_start 指定形状文本框中所选文本的起始位置，而 ModernComment.text_selection_length 指定选区的长度。这两个属性共同将批注关联到 AutoShape 内的特定文本范围。

ModernComment.status 属性可读取或使用 ModernCommentStatus 枚举中的值进行更新：

• NOT_DEFINED — 未定义特定的现代批注状态。
• ACTIVE — 批注处于活动状态。
• RESOLVED — 批注已解决。
• CLOSED — 批注已关闭。

以下示例创建了一个锚定到形状的现代批注，将其与文本选区关联，标记为已解决，保存演示文稿，并在重新打开文件后验证这些值。

from datetime import datetime

import aspose.pydrawing as draw
import aspose.slides as slides

output_file = "modern_comment_text_anchor.pptx"
shape_text = "Review the quarterly revenue forecast."
selected_text = "quarterly revenue"
expected_selection_start = shape_text.index(selected_text)

with slides.Presentation() as presentation:
    slide = presentation.slides[0]
    shape = slide.shapes.add_auto_shape(slides.ShapeType.RECTANGLE, 50, 50, 400, 100)
    shape.name = "Forecast text"
    shape.text_frame.text = shape_text

    author = presentation.comment_authors.add_author("Reviewer", "RV")
    comment_position = draw.PointF(60, 60)
    comment = author.comments.add_modern_comment("Verify this forecast wording.", slide, shape, comment_position, datetime.now())
    comment.text_selection_start = expected_selection_start
    comment.text_selection_length = len(selected_text)
    comment.status = slides.ModernCommentStatus.RESOLVED

    presentation.save(output_file, slides.export.SaveFormat.PPTX)

with slides.Presentation(output_file) as reopened_presentation:
    reopened_slide = reopened_presentation.slides[0]
    reopened_comments = reopened_slide.get_slide_comments(None)

    for reopened_comment in reopened_comments:
        if not isinstance(reopened_comment, slides.ModernComment):
            continue

        shape_matches = reopened_comment.shape.name == "Forecast text"
        selection_start_matches = reopened_comment.text_selection_start == expected_selection_start
        selection_length_matches = reopened_comment.text_selection_length == len(selected_text)
        status_matches = reopened_comment.status == slides.ModernCommentStatus.RESOLVED

        print("Shape anchor preserved: " + str(shape_matches))
        print("Text selection start preserved: " + str(selection_start_matches))
        print("Text selection length preserved: " + str(selection_length_matches))
        print("Resolved status preserved: " + str(status_matches))

检查现有的现代批注

要检查现有演示文稿，首先确定哪些批注是 ModernComment 实例，然后检查 ModernComment.shape、ModernComment.text_selection_start、ModernComment.text_selection_length 和 ModernComment.status。None 形状表示幻灯片级批注。对于 AutoShape 锚点，文本选区属性标识形状文本框中的关联范围。

import aspose.slides as slides

with slides.Presentation("comments.pptx") as presentation:
    for slide in presentation.slides:
        comments = slide.get_slide_comments(None)
        for comment in comments:
            if not isinstance(comment, slides.ModernComment):
                continue

            print("Slide: " + str(slide.slide_number))
            print("Text: " + comment.text)
            print("Status: " + str(comment.status))

            shape = comment.shape
            if shape is None:
                print("Anchor: slide level")
            else:
                print("Anchor shape: " + shape.name)
                print("Anchor type: " + type(shape).__name__)

                if isinstance(shape, slides.AutoShape):
                    print("Text selection start: " + str(comment.text_selection_start))
                    print("Text selection length: " + str(comment.text_selection_length))

            print()

删除批注

删除所有批注和批注作者

以下示例演示如何从演示文稿中删除所有批注和批注作者：

import aspose.slides as slides

with slides.Presentation("example.pptx") as presentation:
    for author in presentation.comment_authors:
        author.comments.clear()

    presentation.comment_authors.clear()
    presentation.save("example_out.pptx", slides.export.SaveFormat.PPTX)

删除特定批注

以下示例演示如何从幻灯片中删除特定批注：

from datetime import datetime

import aspose.pydrawing as draw
import aspose.slides as slides

with slides.Presentation() as presentation:
    slide = presentation.slides[0]
    author = presentation.comment_authors.add_author("Author", "A")
    created_time = datetime.now()

    first_comment_position = draw.PointF(0.2, 0.2)
    second_comment_position = draw.PointF(0.3, 0.2)
    author.comments.add_comment("comment 1", slide, first_comment_position, created_time)
    author.comments.add_comment("comment 2", slide, second_comment_position, created_time)

    for comment_author in presentation.comment_authors:
        comments_to_remove = []
        comments = slide.get_slide_comments(comment_author)

        for comment in comments:
            if comment.text == "comment 1":
                comments_to_remove.append(comment)

        for comment in comments_to_remove:
            comment_author.comments.remove(comment)

    presentation.save("pres.pptx", slides.export.SaveFormat.PPTX)

常见问题

Aspose.Slides 是否支持现代批注的已解决状态？

是的。可以读取和设置 ModernComment.status，使用 ModernCommentStatus 枚举值，包括 RESOLVED。该状态会存储在演示文稿中，并在重新打开文件后仍可读取。

是否支持线程化讨论（回复链），以及是否有嵌套限制？

是的。每个批注都可以引用其parent comment，从而实现回复链。API 并未定义具体的嵌套深度限制。

批注标记在幻灯片上的位置使用何种坐标系定义？

标记位置使用幻灯片坐标系中的浮点坐标定义，您可以精确地将其放置在幻灯片上。