在 Python 中管理簡報註解

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使用 Aspose.Slides for Python via .NET 管理簡報註解：在 PowerPoint 簡報中新增、閱讀、編輯、回覆以及移除註解。

概覽

本文說明如何使用 Aspose.Slides for Python via .NET 來管理簡報註解。它介紹與註解相關的主要型別，並示範如何將註解新增至投影片、存取現有註解、處理回覆與現代註解，以及從簡報中移除註解。

範例涵蓋 PowerPoint 中常見的審閱與協作情境，諸如指派註解作者、讀取註解文字與中繼資料、建立回覆鏈，以及移除選取的註解或全部註解。

在 PowerPoint 中，註解會以投影片上的註記形式顯示。選取註解時會顯示其文字與相關討論。

若要在開啟簡報時要求顯示或隱藏註解（而不更改註解本身），請參考在開啟簡報時顯示或隱藏註解。

為什麼要在簡報中加入註解？

在審閱簡報時，您可以使用註解提供回饋並與同事協作。

Aspose.Slides for Python via .NET 提供以下 API 用於操作註解：

Presentation 類別，提供存取簡報的註解作者。
CommentCollection 類別，代表與單一作者相關聯的註解集合。
Comment 類別，提供關於註解的資訊，包括作者、建立時間、位置與文字。
CommentAuthor 類別，提供作者資訊，包括名稱、縮寫與相關註解。

新增投影片註解

以下範例說明如何在 PowerPoint 簡報的投影片中新增註解：

from datetime import datetime

import aspose.pydrawing as draw
import aspose.slides as slides

with slides.Presentation() as presentation:
    first_slide = presentation.slides[0]
    second_slide = presentation.slides.add_empty_slide(presentation.layout_slides[0])
    author = presentation.comment_authors.add_author("Jawad", "MF")
    position = draw.PointF(0.2, 0.2)
    created_time = datetime.now()

    author.comments.add_comment("Hello Jawad, this is a slide comment", first_slide, position, created_time)
    author.comments.add_comment("Hello Jawad, this is the second slide comment", second_slide, position, created_time)

    comments = first_slide.get_slide_comments(author)
    if len(comments) > 0:
        first_comment = comments[0]
        print(first_comment.text)

        comment_text = first_comment.author.comments[0].text
        print(comment_text)

    presentation.save("Comments_out.pptx", slides.export.SaveFormat.PPTX)

存取投影片註解

以下範例說明如何在 PowerPoint 簡報中存取現有註解：

import aspose.slides as slides

with slides.Presentation("Comments1.pptx") as presentation:
    for author in presentation.comment_authors:
        for comment in author.comments:
            print("Slide: " + str(comment.slide.slide_number))
            print("Comment: " + comment.text)
            print("Author: " + comment.author.name)
            print("Posted at: " + str(comment.created_time))
            print()

回覆註解

父註解是回覆層級頂部的原始註解。Comment 類別的parent_comment 屬性讓您取得或設定註解的父項。

以下範例說明如何新增回覆並檢視產生的註解層級結構：

from datetime import datetime

import aspose.pydrawing as draw
import aspose.slides as slides

with slides.Presentation() as presentation:
    slide = presentation.slides[0]
    position = draw.PointF(10, 10)
    created_time = datetime.now()

    author1 = presentation.comment_authors.add_author("Author_1", "A.A.")
    comment1 = author1.comments.add_comment("comment 1", slide, position, created_time)

    author2 = presentation.comment_authors.add_author("Author_2", "B.B.")
    reply1 = author2.comments.add_comment("reply 1 for comment 1", slide, position, created_time)
    reply1.parent_comment = comment1

    reply2 = author2.comments.add_comment("reply 2 for comment 1", slide, position, created_time)
    reply2.parent_comment = comment1

    sub_reply = author1.comments.add_comment("subreply 3 for reply 2", slide, position, created_time)
    sub_reply.parent_comment = reply2

    author2.comments.add_comment("comment 2", slide, position, created_time)
    comment3 = author2.comments.add_comment("comment 3", slide, position, created_time)

    reply3 = author1.comments.add_comment("reply 4 for comment 3", slide, position, created_time)
    reply3.parent_comment = comment3

    comments = slide.get_slide_comments(None)
    for current_comment in comments:
        comment = current_comment
        while comment.parent_comment is not None:
            print("\t", end="")
            comment = comment.parent_comment

        print(current_comment.author.name + ": " + current_comment.text)

    presentation.save("parent_comment.pptx", slides.export.SaveFormat.PPTX)

    comment1.remove()
    presentation.save("remove_comment.pptx", slides.export.SaveFormat.PPTX)

警告

當使用 Comment 類別的remove 方法刪除註解時，該註解的所有回覆也會一併被刪除。
若parent_comment 屬性造成循環參照，將拋出 PptxEditException。

新增現代註解

現代註解可以與投影片本身、特定圖形，或 AutoShape 內的文字範圍關聯。CommentCollection.add_modern_comment 方法除了接受投影片與註解標記座標外，還接受一個Shape 參數。

當 shape 參數傳入 None 時，註解為投影片層級註解。其標記由提供的座標定位，但不與特定圖形關聯，因此ModernComment.shape 會回傳 None。若提供了Shape，則註解會錨定於該圖形。座標仍定義註解標記在投影片上的位置，而圖形關聯可透過ModernComment.shape 取得。

將現代註解錨定到圖形

以下範例同時建立投影片層級的現代註解與錨定於特定 AutoShape 的現代註解，並讀取每個註解所關聯的圖形。

from datetime import datetime

import aspose.pydrawing as draw
import aspose.slides as slides

with slides.Presentation() as presentation:
    slide = presentation.slides[0]
    author = presentation.comment_authors.add_author("Reviewer", "RV")
    shape = slide.shapes.add_auto_shape(slides.ShapeType.RECTANGLE, 50, 50, 300, 80)
    shape.name = "Revenue title"
    shape.text_frame.text = "Quarterly revenue"

    created_time = datetime.now()
    slide_comment_position = draw.PointF(20, 20)
    shape_comment_position = draw.PointF(60, 60)
    slide_comment = author.comments.add_modern_comment("Review the overall slide layout.", slide, None, slide_comment_position, created_time)
    shape_comment = author.comments.add_modern_comment("Check this title.", slide, shape, shape_comment_position, created_time)

    print(slide_comment.shape is None)
    print(shape_comment.shape.name)

    presentation.save("modern_comments.pptx", slides.export.SaveFormat.PPTX)

將註解錨定到不同類型的圖形

所有繼承自Shape 的投影片物件皆可作為圖形錨點。常見範例包括AutoShape、PictureFrame、GroupShape、Connector以及如圖表等GraphicalObject實例。

以下範例建立多種常見圖形類型，並為每個圖形關聯一個現代註解。

import base64
from datetime import datetime

import aspose.pydrawing as draw
import aspose.slides as slides

with slides.Presentation() as presentation:
    slide = presentation.slides[0]
    author = presentation.comment_authors.add_author("Reviewer", "RV")
    created_time = datetime.now()

    auto_shape = slide.shapes.add_auto_shape(slides.ShapeType.RECTANGLE, 20, 20, 180, 60)
    auto_shape.text_frame.text = "AutoShape"
    auto_shape_comment_position = draw.PointF(30, 30)
    author.comments.add_modern_comment("Comment on an AutoShape.", slide, auto_shape, auto_shape_comment_position, created_time)

    image_base64 = "iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAIAAAACCAIAAAD91JpzAAAAFklEQVR4nGP8//8/AwMDEwMDAwMDAwAkBgMB/DXemwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg=="
    image_data = base64.b64decode(image_base64)
    image = presentation.images.add_image(image_data)
    picture_frame = slide.shapes.add_picture_frame(slides.ShapeType.RECTANGLE, 220, 20, 120, 80, image)
    picture_comment_position = draw.PointF(230, 30)
    author.comments.add_modern_comment("Comment on a picture.", slide, picture_frame, picture_comment_position, created_time)

    group_shape = slide.shapes.add_group_shape()
    group_shape.shapes.add_auto_shape(slides.ShapeType.RECTANGLE, 0, 0, 80, 40)
    group_shape.shapes.add_auto_shape(slides.ShapeType.ELLIPSE, 100, 0, 80, 40)
    group_comment_position = draw.PointF(40, 150)
    author.comments.add_modern_comment("Comment on a group.", slide, group_shape, group_comment_position, created_time)

    connector = slide.shapes.add_connector(slides.ShapeType.STRAIGHT_CONNECTOR1, 220, 150, 140, 40)
    connector_comment_position = draw.PointF(240, 150)
    author.comments.add_modern_comment("Comment on a connector.", slide, connector, connector_comment_position, created_time)

    chart = slide.shapes.add_chart(slides.charts.ChartType.CLUSTERED_COLUMN, 400, 20, 250, 180)
    chart_comment_position = draw.PointF(420, 40)
    author.comments.add_modern_comment("Comment on a graphical object.", slide, chart, chart_comment_position, created_time)

    presentation.save("modern_comment_shape_types.pptx", slides.export.SaveFormat.PPTX)

將註解錨定到文字並設定其狀態

對於與AutoShape 關聯的現代註解，ModernComment.text_selection_start 指定選取文字在圖形文字框中的起始位置，而ModernComment.text_selection_length 指定選取的長度。兩者結合即將註解與 AutoShape 內的特定文字範圍關聯。

ModernComment.status 屬性可讀取或以ModernCommentStatus 列舉中的值進行設定：

NOT_DEFINED — 未定義特定的現代註解狀態。
ACTIVE — 註解為啟用狀態。
RESOLVED — 註解已解決。
CLOSED — 註解已關閉。

以下範例建立一個錨定於圖形的現代註解，將其與文字選取關聯，標記為已解決，儲存簡報，並在重新開啟檔案後驗證其值。

from datetime import datetime

import aspose.pydrawing as draw
import aspose.slides as slides

output_file = "modern_comment_text_anchor.pptx"
shape_text = "Review the quarterly revenue forecast."
selected_text = "quarterly revenue"
expected_selection_start = shape_text.index(selected_text)

with slides.Presentation() as presentation:
    slide = presentation.slides[0]
    shape = slide.shapes.add_auto_shape(slides.ShapeType.RECTANGLE, 50, 50, 400, 100)
    shape.name = "Forecast text"
    shape.text_frame.text = shape_text

    author = presentation.comment_authors.add_author("Reviewer", "RV")
    comment_position = draw.PointF(60, 60)
    comment = author.comments.add_modern_comment("Verify this forecast wording.", slide, shape, comment_position, datetime.now())
    comment.text_selection_start = expected_selection_start
    comment.text_selection_length = len(selected_text)
    comment.status = slides.ModernCommentStatus.RESOLVED

    presentation.save(output_file, slides.export.SaveFormat.PPTX)

with slides.Presentation(output_file) as reopened_presentation:
    reopened_slide = reopened_presentation.slides[0]
    reopened_comments = reopened_slide.get_slide_comments(None)

    for reopened_comment in reopened_comments:
        if not isinstance(reopened_comment, slides.ModernComment):
            continue

        shape_matches = reopened_comment.shape.name == "Forecast text"
        selection_start_matches = reopened_comment.text_selection_start == expected_selection_start
        selection_length_matches = reopened_comment.text_selection_length == len(selected_text)
        status_matches = reopened_comment.status == slides.ModernCommentStatus.RESOLVED

        print("Shape anchor preserved: " + str(shape_matches))
        print("Text selection start preserved: " + str(selection_start_matches))
        print("Text selection length preserved: " + str(selection_length_matches))
        print("Resolved status preserved: " + str(status_matches))

檢查現有的現代註解

若要檢查現有簡報，先確認哪些註解為ModernComment 實例，然後檢視其ModernComment.shape、ModernComment.text_selection_start、ModernComment.text_selection_length 與ModernComment.status。None 的 shape 表示投影片層級註解。若為AutoShape 錨點，文字選取屬性即指示該圖形文字框中的相關範圍。

import aspose.slides as slides

with slides.Presentation("comments.pptx") as presentation:
    for slide in presentation.slides:
        comments = slide.get_slide_comments(None)
        for comment in comments:
            if not isinstance(comment, slides.ModernComment):
                continue

            print("Slide: " + str(slide.slide_number))
            print("Text: " + comment.text)
            print("Status: " + str(comment.status))

            shape = comment.shape
            if shape is None:
                print("Anchor: slide level")
            else:
                print("Anchor shape: " + shape.name)
                print("Anchor type: " + type(shape).__name__)

                if isinstance(shape, slides.AutoShape):
                    print("Text selection start: " + str(comment.text_selection_start))
                    print("Text selection length: " + str(comment.text_selection_length))

            print()

移除註解

移除所有註解與註解作者

以下範例說明如何從簡報中移除所有註解與註解作者：

import aspose.slides as slides

with slides.Presentation("example.pptx") as presentation:
    for author in presentation.comment_authors:
        author.comments.clear()

    presentation.comment_authors.clear()
    presentation.save("example_out.pptx", slides.export.SaveFormat.PPTX)

移除特定註解

以下範例說明如何從投影片中移除特定註解：

from datetime import datetime

import aspose.pydrawing as draw
import aspose.slides as slides

with slides.Presentation() as presentation:
    slide = presentation.slides[0]
    author = presentation.comment_authors.add_author("Author", "A")
    created_time = datetime.now()

    first_comment_position = draw.PointF(0.2, 0.2)
    second_comment_position = draw.PointF(0.3, 0.2)
    author.comments.add_comment("comment 1", slide, first_comment_position, created_time)
    author.comments.add_comment("comment 2", slide, second_comment_position, created_time)

    for comment_author in presentation.comment_authors:
        comments_to_remove = []
        comments = slide.get_slide_comments(comment_author)

        for comment in comments:
            if comment.text == "comment 1":
                comments_to_remove.append(comment)

        for comment in comments_to_remove:
            comment_author.comments.remove(comment)

    presentation.save("pres.pptx", slides.export.SaveFormat.PPTX)

常見問答

Aspose.Slides 是否支援現代註解的已解決狀態？

是的。ModernComment.status 可使用ModernCommentStatus 中的值讀取與設定，包含 RESOLVED。此狀態會儲存在簡報中，重新開啟檔案後仍可讀取。

是否支援串列討論（回覆鏈），且有巢狀深度限制嗎？

支援。每個註解皆可透過parent comment 參考其父註解，形成回覆鏈。API 並未定義具體的巢狀深度限制。

註解標記在投影片上的位置是以哪種座標系統定義的？

標記位置以浮點座標表示，使用投影片的座標系統，讓您能精確地將其放置在投影片上。

在 Python 中檢索與更新簡報檢視屬性在 Python 中管理簡報備註