使用页眉和页脚

Aspose.Words 允许用户在文档中使用页眉和页脚。页眉是放置在页面顶部的文本，页脚是放置在页面底部的文本。通常，这些区域用于插入应在文档的所有页面或某些页面上重复的信息，例如页码、创建日期、公司信息等。

使用 DocumentBuilder 创建页眉或页脚

如果您想以编程方式添加文档页眉或页脚，最简单的方法是使用 DocumentBuilder 类来完成。

以下代码示例演示如何为文档页面添加页眉和页脚：

# For complete examples and data files, please go to https://github.com/aspose-words/Aspose.Words-for-Python-via-.NET.git.
doc = aw.Document()
builder = aw.DocumentBuilder(doc)

# Use HeaderPrimary and FooterPrimary
# if you want to set header/footer for all document.
# This header/footer type also responsible for odd pages.
builder.move_to_header_footer(aw.HeaderFooterType.HEADER_PRIMARY)
builder.write("Header for page.")

builder.move_to_header_footer(aw.HeaderFooterType.FOOTER_PRIMARY)
builder.write("Footer for page.")

doc.save(ARTIFACTS_DIR + "WorkingWithHeadersAndFooters.create_header_footer.docx")

指定页眉或页脚选项

当您向文档添加页眉或页脚时，您可以设置一些高级属性。 Aspose.Words 为用户提供了 HeaderFooter 和 HeaderFooterCollection 类以及 HeaderFooterType 枚举，使您可以更好地控制页眉和页脚自定义过程。

指定页眉或页脚类型

您可以为一个文档指定三种不同的页眉类型和三种不同的页脚类型：

1. 第一页的页眉和/或页脚
2. 偶数页的页眉和/或页脚
3. 奇数页的页眉和/或页脚

以下代码示例显示如何为奇数文档页面添加页眉：

# For complete examples and data files, please go to https://github.com/aspose-words/Aspose.Words-for-Python-via-.NET.git.
builder.move_to_header_footer(aw.HeaderFooterType.HEADER_PRIMARY)
builder.write("Header for page.")

指定是否为首页显示不同的页眉或页脚

如上所述，您还可以为首页设置不同的页眉或页脚。为此，您需要将 different_first_page_header_footer 标志设置为 true，然后指定 HeaderFirst 或 FooterFirst 值。

以下代码示例显示如何仅设置第一页的标题：

# For complete examples and data files, please go to https://github.com/aspose-words/Aspose.Words-for-Python-via-.NET.git.
doc = aw.Document()
builder = aw.DocumentBuilder(doc)

builder.page_setup.different_first_page_header_footer = True

builder.move_to_header_footer(aw.HeaderFooterType.HEADER_FIRST)
builder.write("Header for the first page.")
builder.move_to_header_footer(aw.HeaderFooterType.FOOTER_FIRST)
builder.write("Footer for the first page.")

builder.move_to_section(0)
builder.writeln("Page 1")
builder.insert_break(aw.BreakType.PAGE_BREAK)
builder.writeln("Page 2")

doc.save(ARTIFACTS_DIR + "WorkingWithHeadersAndFooters.different_first_page.docx")

指定奇数页或偶数页是否显示不同的页眉或页脚

接下来，您需要为文档中的奇数页和偶数页设置不同的页眉或页脚。为此，您需要将 odd_and_even_pages_header_footer 标志设置为 true，然后指定值 HeaderPrimary 和 HeaderEven，或 FooterPrimary 和 FooterEven。

# For complete examples and data files, please go to https://github.com/aspose-words/Aspose.Words-for-Python-via-.NET.git.
doc = aw.Document()
builder = aw.DocumentBuilder(doc)

builder.page_setup.odd_and_even_pages_header_footer = True
builder.move_to_header_footer(aw.HeaderFooterType.HEADER_EVEN)
builder.write("Header for even pages.")
builder.move_to_header_footer(aw.HeaderFooterType.HEADER_PRIMARY)
builder.write("Header for odd pages.")
builder.move_to_header_footer(aw.HeaderFooterType.FOOTER_EVEN)
builder.write("Footer for even pages.")
builder.move_to_header_footer(aw.HeaderFooterType.FOOTER_PRIMARY)
builder.write("Footer for odd pages.")

builder.move_to_section(0)
builder.writeln("Page 1")
builder.insert_break(aw.BreakType.PAGE_BREAK)
builder.writeln("Page 2")

doc.save(ARTIFACTS_DIR + "WorkingWithHeadersAndFooters.odd_even_pages.docx")

将绝对定位的图像插入标题中

要将图像放置在页眉或页脚中，请使用 HeaderPrimary 页眉类型或 FooterPrimary 页脚类型和 insert_image 方法。

以下代码示例展示了如何将图像添加到标题：

# For complete examples and data files, please go to https://github.com/aspose-words/Aspose.Words-for-Python-via-.NET.git.
doc = aw.Document()
builder = aw.DocumentBuilder(doc)

builder.move_to_header_footer(aw.HeaderFooterType.HEADER_PRIMARY)
builder.insert_image(IMAGES_DIR + "Logo.jpg",
                     aw.drawing.RelativeHorizontalPosition.RIGHT_MARGIN,
                     10, aw.drawing.RelativeVerticalPosition.PAGE, 10, 50, 50,
                     aw.drawing.WrapType.THROUGH)

doc.save(ARTIFACTS_DIR + "WorkingWithHeadersAndFooters.insert_image.docx")

设置页眉或页脚文本的字体和段落属性

使用 Aspose.Words，您可以设置字体和段落属性，使用 HeaderPrimary 页眉类型或 FooterPrimary 页脚类型，以及用于处理文档正文所用字体和段落的方法和属性。

以下代码示例演示如何将标题中的文本设置为 Arial、粗体、字号 14 和居中对齐：

# For complete examples and data files, please go to https://github.com/aspose-words/Aspose.Words-for-Python-via-.NET.git.
doc = aw.Document()
builder = aw.DocumentBuilder(doc)

builder.move_to_header_footer(aw.HeaderFooterType.HEADER_PRIMARY)
builder.paragraph_format.alignment = aw.ParagraphAlignment.CENTER
builder.font.name = "Arial"
builder.font.bold = True
builder.font.size = 14
builder.write("Header for pages.")

doc.save(ARTIFACTS_DIR + "WorkingWithHeadersAndFooters.font_props.docx")

将页码插入页眉或页脚

如有必要，您可以将页码添加到页眉或页脚。为此，请使用 HeaderPrimary 标头类型或 FooterPrimary 页脚类型和 insert_field 方法来添加所需字段。

以下代码示例演示如何将页码添加到右侧页脚：

# For complete examples and data files, please go to https://github.com/aspose-words/Aspose.Words-for-Python-via-.NET.git.
doc = aw.Document()
builder = aw.DocumentBuilder(doc)

builder.move_to_header_footer(aw.HeaderFooterType.FOOTER_PRIMARY)
builder.paragraph_format.alignment = aw.ParagraphAlignment.CENTER
builder.write("Page ")
builder.insert_field("PAGE", "")
builder.write(" of ")
builder.insert_field("NUMPAGES", "")

doc.save(ARTIFACTS_DIR + "WorkingWithHeadersAndFooters.page_numbers.docx")

使用上一节中定义的页眉或页脚

如果您需要复制上一节中的页眉或页脚，您也可以这样做。

以下代码示例演示如何复制上一节中的页眉或页脚：

# For complete examples and data files, please go to https://github.com/aspose-words/Aspose.Words-for-Python-via-.NET.git.
@staticmethod
def copy_headers_footers_from_previous_section(section):
    """Clones and copies headers/footers form the previous section to the specified section."""

    previous_section = section.previous_sibling.as_section()
    if previous_section is None:
        return

    section.headers_footers.clear()

    for header_footer in previous_section.headers_footers:
        section.headers_footers.add(header_footer.clone(True))

使用不同的页面方向和页面大小时确保页眉或页脚的外观

Aspose.Words 允许您在使用不同方向和页面大小时提供页眉或页脚的外观。

以下示例展示了如何执行此操作：

# For complete examples and data files, please go to https://github.com/aspose-words/Aspose.Words-for-Python-via-.NET.git.
doc = aw.Document()
builder = aw.DocumentBuilder(doc)

builder.page_setup.different_first_page_header_footer = True

builder.move_to_header_footer(aw.HeaderFooterType.HEADER_FIRST)
builder.paragraph_format.alignment = aw.ParagraphAlignment.CENTER
builder.font.name = "Arial"
builder.font.bold = True
builder.font.size = 14
builder.write("Header for the first page.")

builder.move_to_document_end()
builder.insert_break(aw.BreakType.SECTION_BREAK_NEW_PAGE)

current_section = builder.current_section
page_setup = current_section.page_setup
page_setup.orientation = aw.Orientation.LANDSCAPE
# This section does not need a different first-page header/footer we need only one title page in the document,
# and the header/footer for this page has already been defined in the previous section.
page_setup.different_first_page_header_footer = False

# This section displays headers/footers from the previous section
# by default call currentSection.headers_footers.link_to_previous(false) to cancel this page width
# is different for the new section, and therefore we need to set different cell widths for a footer table.
current_section.headers_footers.link_to_previous(False)
current_section.headers_footers.clear()

builder.move_to_header_footer(aw.HeaderFooterType.HEADER_PRIMARY)
builder.paragraph_format.alignment = aw.ParagraphAlignment.CENTER
builder.font.name = "Arial"
builder.font.size = 12
builder.write("New Header for the first page.")

doc.save(ARTIFACTS_DIR + "WorkingWithHeadersAndFooters.link_to_previous_header_footer.docx")

如何仅删除页眉或仅删除页脚

文档中的每个部分最多可以有三个页眉和三个页脚（对于第一页、偶数页和奇数页）。如果要删除文档中的所有页眉或所有页脚，则需要循环遍历所有部分并删除每个相应的页眉节点或页脚节点。

以下代码示例演示如何从所有部分中删除所有页脚，但保持页眉完好无损。您可以以类似的方式仅删除标头：

# For complete examples and data files, please go to https://github.com/aspose-words/Aspose.Words-for-Python-via-.NET.git.
doc = aw.Document(MY_DIR + "Header and footer types.docx")

for section in doc:
    section = section.as_section()
    # Up to three different footers are possible in a section (for first, even and odd pages)
    # we check and delete all of them.
    footer = section.headers_footers.get_by_header_footer_type(aw.HeaderFooterType.FOOTER_FIRST)
    if footer is not None:
        footer.remove()

    # Primary footer is the footer used for odd pages.
    footer = section.headers_footers.get_by_header_footer_type(aw.HeaderFooterType.FOOTER_PRIMARY)
    if footer is not None:
        footer.remove()

    footer = section.headers_footers.get_by_header_footer_type(aw.HeaderFooterType.FOOTER_EVEN)
    if footer is not None:
        footer.remove()

doc.save(ARTIFACTS_DIR + "RemoveContent.remove_footers.docx")

您可以从 Aspose.Words GitHub 下载本示例的示例文件。