在 Android 上於 PowerPoint 簡報中加入數學方程式

概觀

PowerPoint 會將方程式儲存為 Office Math Markup Language (OMML)。使用 Aspose.Slides for Android via Java，您可以以程式方式建立相同類型的數學內容：分數、根號、函式、極限、N 元運算子、矩陣、陣列與格式化的數學區塊。

在 PowerPoint 中，使用者通常從 Insert > Equation 新增方程式：

PowerPoint Insert tab with the Equation command selected

結果會在投影片上呈現可編輯的數學文字：

A PowerPoint slide containing an editable math equation

Aspose.Slides 透過三個主要物件建立這些數學文字：

以下大多數範例使用 MathematicalText 與 IMathElement 的串流方法，以保證程式碼簡潔易讀。

若需 MathML 匯出情境，請參考 Export Math Equations from Presentations on Android。

建立方程式

此範例建立一個數學圖形並加入畢氏定理：

The equation c squared equals a squared plus b squared

Presentation presentation = new Presentation();
try {
    ISlide slide = presentation.getSlides().get_Item(0);

    IAutoShape mathShape = slide.getShapes().addMathShape(20, 20, 700, 120);
    IMathParagraph mathParagraph = ((MathPortion) mathShape.getTextFrame().getParagraphs()
            .get_Item(0).getPortions().get_Item(0)).getMathParagraph();

    IMathBlock equation = new MathematicalText("c")
            .setSuperscript("2")
            .join("=")
            .join(new MathematicalText("a").setSuperscript("2"))
            .join("+")
            .join(new MathematicalText("b").setSuperscript("2"));

    mathParagraph.add(equation);

    presentation.save("pythagorean-theorem.pptx", SaveFormat.Pptx);
} finally {
    presentation.dispose();
}

加入分數

使用 divide 來建立分數。您可以使用 MathFractionTypes 選擇分數樣式。

A skewed math fraction showing one divided by x

Presentation presentation = new Presentation();
try {
    ISlide slide = presentation.getSlides().get_Item(0);

    IAutoShape mathShape = slide.getShapes().addMathShape(20, 20, 700, 100);
    IMathParagraph mathParagraph = ((MathPortion) mathShape.getTextFrame().getParagraphs()
            .get_Item(0).getPortions().get_Item(0)).getMathParagraph();

    IMathFraction fraction = new MathematicalText("1")
            .divide("x", MathFractionTypes.Skewed);

    mathParagraph.add(new MathBlock(fraction));

    presentation.save("fraction.pptx", SaveFormat.Pptx);
} finally {
    presentation.dispose();
}

若要堆疊式分數，使用 MathFractionTypes.Bar：

IMathFraction stackedFraction = new MathematicalText("x + 1").divide("y - 1", MathFractionTypes.Bar);

加入根號

使用 radical 來建立平方根、立方根或其他根號。當前元素成為底數，參數則為指數。

An n-th root radical expression with x under the radical sign

Presentation presentation = new Presentation();
try {
    ISlide slide = presentation.getSlides().get_Item(0);

    IAutoShape mathShape = slide.getShapes().addMathShape(20, 20, 700, 100);
    IMathParagraph mathParagraph = ((MathPortion) mathShape.getTextFrame().getParagraphs()
            .get_Item(0).getPortions().get_Item(0)).getMathParagraph();

    IMathRadical radical = new MathematicalText("x")
            .radical("n");

    mathParagraph.add(new MathBlock(radical));

    presentation.save("radical.pptx", SaveFormat.Pptx);
} finally {
    presentation.dispose();
}

加入函式與極限

使用 asArgumentOfFunction 或 function 來建立 sin(x)、log(x) 或自訂函式名稱等函式。對於極限，將 lim 放入 MathLimit 或使用 setLowerLimit。

The limit of x as x approaches infinity

Presentation presentation = new Presentation();
try {
    ISlide slide = presentation.getSlides().get_Item(0);

    IAutoShape mathShape = slide.getShapes().addMathShape(20, 20, 700, 100);
    IMathParagraph mathParagraph = ((MathPortion) mathShape.getTextFrame().getParagraphs()
            .get_Item(0).getPortions().get_Item(0)).getMathParagraph();

    IMathFunction limit = new MathematicalText("lim")
            .setLowerLimit("x→∞")
            .function("x");

    mathParagraph.add(new MathBlock(limit));

    presentation.save("functions-and-limits.pptx", SaveFormat.Pptx);
} finally {
    presentation.dispose();
}

若要自訂函式名稱，將函式名稱設為當前元素：

IMathFunction customFunction = new MathematicalText("f").function("x + 1");

加入 N 元運算子與積分

使用 nary 來建立求和、聯集、交集等大型運算子。使用 integral 來建立積分。兩者皆可設定上下限。

A summation with lower and upper limits

Presentation presentation = new Presentation();
try {
    ISlide slide = presentation.getSlides().get_Item(0);

    IAutoShape mathShape = slide.getShapes().addMathShape(20, 20, 700, 120);
    IMathParagraph mathParagraph = ((MathPortion) mathShape.getTextFrame().getParagraphs()
            .get_Item(0).getPortions().get_Item(0)).getMathParagraph();

    IMathBlock summationBase = new MathematicalText("x")
            .setSuperscript("k")
            .join(new MathematicalText("a").setSuperscript("n-k"));

    IMathNaryOperator summation = summationBase.nary(MathNaryOperatorTypes.Summation, "k=0", "n");

    mathParagraph.add(new MathBlock(summation));

    presentation.save("nary-operators.pptx", SaveFormat.Pptx);
} finally {
    presentation.dispose();
}

N 元運算子適用於可附帶上下限的大型運算子。像 +、-、= 等簡單運算子通常以 MathematicalText 加入並串接到表達式中。

若要加入積分，使用 integral：

IMathBlock integralBase = new MathematicalText("x").join(new MathematicalText("dx").toBox());
IMathNaryOperator integral = integralBase.integral(MathIntegralTypes.Simple, "0", "1");

加入矩陣

使用 MathMatrix 來定義行與列。矩陣預設不會包含括號，若需括弧、方括號或大括號，請自行將矩陣包起來。

A two-row math matrix with one empty cell

Presentation presentation = new Presentation();
try {
    ISlide slide = presentation.getSlides().get_Item(0);

    IAutoShape mathShape = slide.getShapes().addMathShape(20, 20, 700, 120);
    IMathParagraph mathParagraph = ((MathPortion) mathShape.getTextFrame().getParagraphs()
            .get_Item(0).getPortions().get_Item(0)).getMathParagraph();

    MathMatrix matrix = new MathMatrix(2, 3);
    matrix.set_Item(0, 0, new MathematicalText("1"));
    matrix.set_Item(0, 1, new MathematicalText("x"));
    matrix.set_Item(1, 0, new MathematicalText("x"));
    matrix.set_Item(1, 1, new MathematicalText("2"));
    matrix.set_Item(1, 2, new MathematicalText("y"));

    mathParagraph.add(new MathBlock(matrix));

    presentation.save("matrix.pptx", SaveFormat.Pptx);
} finally {
    presentation.dispose();
}

加入方程式陣列

需要對齊的方程式或垂直堆疊的表達式時，使用 toMathArray。

A vertical math array with x above y

Presentation presentation = new Presentation();
try {
    ISlide slide = presentation.getSlides().get_Item(0);

    IAutoShape mathShape = slide.getShapes().addMathShape(20, 20, 700, 140);
    IMathParagraph mathParagraph = ((MathPortion) mathShape.getTextFrame().getParagraphs()
            .get_Item(0).getPortions().get_Item(0)).getMathParagraph();

    IMathArray equationArray = new MathematicalText("x")
            .join("y")
            .toMathArray();

    mathParagraph.add(new MathBlock(equationArray));

    presentation.save("equation-array.pptx", SaveFormat.Pptx);
} finally {
    presentation.dispose();
}

加入三角函式

當參數是當前元素且函式名稱已知時，使用 asArgumentOfFunction。

The trigonometric function cos applied to 2x

Presentation presentation = new Presentation();
try {
    ISlide slide = presentation.getSlides().get_Item(0);

    IAutoShape mathShape = slide.getShapes().addMathShape(20, 20, 700, 100);
    IMathParagraph mathParagraph = ((MathPortion) mathShape.getTextFrame().getParagraphs()
            .get_Item(0).getPortions().get_Item(0)).getMathParagraph();

    IMathFunction cosine = new MathematicalText("2x")
            .asArgumentOfFunction(MathFunctionsOfOneArgument.Cos);

    mathParagraph.add(new MathBlock(cosine));

    presentation.save("trigonometric-function.pptx", SaveFormat.Pptx);
} finally {
    presentation.dispose();
}

加入下標與上標

使用下標與上標輔助方法來加入索引與次方。若索引必須顯示在基底左側，使用 setSubSuperscriptOnTheLeft。

A capital Y with left-side subscript 1 and superscript n

Presentation presentation = new Presentation();
try {
    ISlide slide = presentation.getSlides().get_Item(0);

    IAutoShape mathShape = slide.getShapes().addMathShape(20, 20, 700, 100);
    IMathParagraph mathParagraph = ((MathPortion) mathShape.getTextFrame().getParagraphs()
            .get_Item(0).getPortions().get_Item(0)).getMathParagraph();

    IMathLeftSubSuperscriptElement scripts = new MathematicalText("Y")
            .setSubSuperscriptOnTheLeft("1", "n");

    mathParagraph.add(new MathBlock(scripts));

    presentation.save("subscript-superscript.pptx", SaveFormat.Pptx);
} finally {
    presentation.dispose();
}

加入分隔符號

使用 enclose 將表達式置於分隔符號內。亦可設定分隔字元，以便在同一分隔符號內包含多個元素。

A delimiter expression containing x, y, and z separated by vertical bars

Presentation presentation = new Presentation();
try {
    ISlide slide = presentation.getSlides().get_Item(0);

    IAutoShape mathShape = slide.getShapes().addMathShape(20, 20, 700, 100);
    IMathParagraph mathParagraph = ((MathPortion) mathShape.getTextFrame().getParagraphs()
            .get_Item(0).getPortions().get_Item(0)).getMathParagraph();

    IMathDelimiter delimiter = new MathematicalText("x")
            .join("y")
            .join("z")
            .enclose('<', '>');
    delimiter.setSeparatorCharacter('|');

    mathParagraph.add(new MathBlock(delimiter));

    presentation.save("delimiters.pptx", SaveFormat.Pptx);
} finally {
    presentation.dispose();
}

加入框線盒子

使用 toBorderBox 讓整個方程式被框住。

A boxed equation showing a squared equals b squared plus c squared

Presentation presentation = new Presentation();
try {
    ISlide slide = presentation.getSlides().get_Item(0);

    IAutoShape mathShape = slide.getShapes().addMathShape(20, 20, 700, 100);
    IMathParagraph mathParagraph = ((MathPortion) mathShape.getTextFrame().getParagraphs()
            .get_Item(0).getPortions().get_Item(0)).getMathParagraph();

    IMathBorderBox boxedEquation = new MathematicalText("a")
            .setSuperscript("2")
            .join("=")
            .join(new MathematicalText("b").setSuperscript("2"))
            .join("+")
            .join(new MathematicalText("c").setSuperscript("2"))
            .toBorderBox();

    mathParagraph.add(new MathBlock(boxedEquation));

    presentation.save("border-box.pptx", SaveFormat.Pptx);
} finally {
    presentation.dispose();
}

分組項目

使用 group 在表達式上方或下方放置分組符號。可加入限制以標示分組的項目。

The expression x plus y grouped with the label any text below it

Presentation presentation = new Presentation();
try {
    ISlide slide = presentation.getSlides().get_Item(0);

    IAutoShape mathShape = slide.getShapes().addMathShape(20, 20, 700, 120);
    IMathParagraph mathParagraph = ((MathPortion) mathShape.getTextFrame().getParagraphs()
            .get_Item(0).getPortions().get_Item(0)).getMathParagraph();

    IMathLimit grouped = new MathematicalText("x + y")
            .group('\u23DF', MathTopBotPositions.Bottom, MathTopBotPositions.Top)
            .setLowerLimit("any text");

    mathParagraph.add(new MathBlock(grouped));

    presentation.save("grouped-terms.pptx", SaveFormat.Pptx);
} finally {
    presentation.dispose();
}

格式化數學元素

僅在有助於說明公式時才使用格式化輔助方法。例如，overbar 會在數學元素上方加上一條橫線。

A math expression ABC with an overbar

Presentation presentation = new Presentation();
try {
    ISlide slide = presentation.getSlides().get_Item(0);

    IAutoShape mathShape = slide.getShapes().addMathShape(20, 20, 700, 100);
    IMathParagraph mathParagraph = ((MathPortion) mathShape.getTextFrame().getParagraphs()
            .get_Item(0).getPortions().get_Item(0)).getMathParagraph();

    IMathBar overbar = new MathematicalText("ABC").overbar();

    mathParagraph.add(new MathBlock(overbar));

    presentation.save("overbar.pptx", SaveFormat.Pptx);
} finally {
    presentation.dispose();
}

快速參考

任務 主要 API
建立數學文字 MathematicalText
組合元素 IMathElement.join
建立分數 IMathElement.divide
加入上標或下標 setSuperscript, setSubscript
加入函式 function, asArgumentOfFunction
加入根號 IMathElement.radical
加入極限 setLowerLimit, setUpperLimit
加入左側腳本 setSubSuperscriptOnTheLeft
加入求和與積分 nary, integral
加入矩陣 MathMatrix
加入方程式陣列 toMathArray
加入分隔符號 enclose
加入橫線與框線 overbar, toBorderBox
分組項目 group

常見問題

我可以編輯現有的 PowerPoint 方程式嗎？

可以。開啟簡報後，找到包含 MathPortion 的圖形，取得其 MathParagraph，即可更新該段落中的數學區塊。

方程式會儲存為可編輯的 PowerPoint 數學嗎？

會。儲存為 PPTX 時，Aspose.Slides 會將方程式寫入可編輯的 Office 數學內容。

我可以將方程式匯出為 LaTeX 嗎？

可以。從其 IMathPortion 取得 IMathParagraph，然後呼叫 IMathParagraph.toLatex 直接匯出。完整範例請參考 Export Math Equations from Presentations in Android via Java。

在 Android 上建立與自訂 PowerPoint 圖表 在 Android 上管理 PowerPoint 形狀